初中引入向量课程及教学的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 本文首先展示初中向量内容的设置，并进行分析，结合课标要求，了解向量 内容的教学安排，然后对向量的相关文献进行简述，一方面展示了向量的历史 演变过程，体味向量深厚的数学内涵，另一方面，简述向量进入高中已有的教 学成果，以供初中教学借鉴。从皮亚杰发生认知理论的角度，阐述初中生学习 向量的可行性，并从向量在初中数学课程中的教育价值中表明初中生学习向量 的必要性。 接着采用了量和质的两种研究方法，分别通过问卷调查法和访谈法来收集数 据和信息。从五个方面设计学生向量调查问卷：①学生对平面向量的总体主观感 受；②学生对向量知识的学习情况；③学生对向量的应用意识；④向量的教学方 法；⑤学生学习向量时的知识难点。分析学生问卷中的问题，设计访谈问题，对 教师采用访谈调查法，分析了他们在向量教学和学生学习中存在的问题，以及他 们对于向量的看法，全面了解初中向量教学的现状，最后总结出一些教学中应注 意的问题： 1、有效调动学生学习向量的积极性 ①将向量教学与生活实际相联系 ②将向量与其他学科紧密联系 ③让学生初步了解向量在本学科内的应用 2 、全面把握向量的发展与其他数学结构的关系 3、采用对比的方法进行概念、法则的学习 4 、加强教师向量教学专业水平，合理控制教学难度 关键词：向量，初中向量，向量教学，认知水平 i Abstract Firstly, this thesis described and analyzed the content configuration of vector in junior high school, and explored the teaching arrangement on vector according to the Curriculum Standards, then gave a briefing on vector related literatures, in which, on one hand, historical evolving process was described, through which a taste of profound mathematical meaning was presented, on the other hand, teaching achievement gained since vector was brought into senior high school curriculum was described, which could be used for reference in junior high school teaching. From perspective of Piaget’s Cognitive-development theory, the feasibility that junior high school student should learn vector was illuminated, also its necessity was emphasized by analyzing vector’s educational value in junior high school curriculum. Secondly, in this thesis, based on quantitative and qualitative studying methods, several questionnaire surveys and interviews were conducted to collect related data and information. Five aspects were considered