高中生解决_化学键_相关问题的调查研究.pdfVIP

中文摘要 本文在理论综述的基础上，以认知心理学的理论和观点为指导，采用样本测 试，出声思维法和访谈法相结合，对高一学生化学键相关知识的掌握程度以及有 关问题的解决过程和思维过程进行研究。研究者根据实际情况依据被试成绩将被 试分为三类学生——学优生，学中生和学困生, 自行总结化学键相关知识表，再 根据该知识表设计化学键相关知识测试试卷，分别对三类学生进行测试，并运用 出声思维法和访谈法对个别学生的思维过程进行研究。最终得出结论： 第一，三类学生对化学键知识的掌握程度不同。学优生主要是应用和理解层 次，学中生是理解和记忆层次，学困生是记忆和了解层次。 第二，三类学生在解决化学键相关知识问题的思维过程存在差异。以难题的 解决过程来说，学优生可以自己分析解决或稍加提示即可解决，学中生经过提示 也可解决，而学困生经过提示之后解题还是比较困难。造成这些差异的原因是不 同的。 第三，通过研究，得出对化学键教学的一些启示以及对今后进行研究的展望。 关键词: 高中生 问题解决 思维过程 I Abstract In this paper, on the basis of theoretical overview with cognitive psychology theories and views, using the sample test for guidance, thinking aloud method and interview method, knowledge mastering of chemistry bond of the high students, the solutions and process of the relevant problems and the thinking process were studied. According to the actual situation of the grade, the researchers summarized the knowledge system of chemistry bond and made up a testing paper. Then according the score of the students, three categories were made among those students, which were efficient students, mid-efficient students and inefficient students. Though testing the students, investing their thinking process, the researcher analyzed the test data and finally came to three conclusions: First, the level of mastering knowledge of chemistry bond was different among the three categories students. Efficient students were mainly in the applied and understanding level; mid-efficient students were in the understood and memory levels; inefficient students were in the memory and understanding level. Second, there were differences among the three categories of students in solving