莫高窟砂砾岩风化初步研究.docVIP

  莫高窟砂砾岩风化初步研究# 付新媛，刘平** （兰州大学西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室，兰州 730000） 5 10 摘要：本文对岩石风化研究的发展进程进行简要概括，为砂砾岩的风化研究提供了基本思路。 为进一步补充莫高窟砂砾岩的风化研究，探明岩体风化现状，对莫高窟崖体三种岩性的风化 岩石进行取样，通过室内压汞试验及扫描电镜试验，分析不同岩性岩样风化后的孔隙特征及 微观结构特性，探明了莫高窟风化砂砾岩的基本物理性质，孔隙分布特征及风化程度与胶结 程度之间的微观联系。研究得出：莫高窟砂砾岩岩性复杂，不同岩性微观结构差别较大，风 化研究需针对岩性分别进行。此外，不同风化程度的岩石微观结构有显著差异，这将为砂砾 岩风化深度的精确判别提供依据，使文物保护技术更趋精细化。 关键词：工程地质；莫高窟；砂砾岩；风化；微观特性； 中图分类号：P642.24 15 Preliminary study on weathered sandy conglomerate at Mogao Grottoes FU Xinyuan, LIU Ping (Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China,Ministry of 20 25 30 35 40 Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China) Abstract: In this paper,the development of stone weathering study has been reviewed, which provides a feasible idea to the weathering study of sandy conglomerate. For the complement to study of sandy conglomerate weathering in Mogao Grottoes and of rock weathering status, samples of three types of weathered rocks on Mogao Grottoes cliff have been taken. By means of mercury penetration experiment and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM), we studied the basic physical properties, pore size distribution of weathered samples as well as the micro-relationship between the cementation strength and weathering process. The results show that: as the complex lithology of the sandy conglomerate at Mogao Grottoes, there are significant differences in the microstructure of different rocks, which suggests that the weathering study should be distinguished according to lithology. Whats more, rocks at different weathering degree have relatively significant differences in micro morphology, and this well help to give more exact judgement of the weathering depth of sandy conglomerate which may lead to a great improvement of cultural relics protection technology. Key words: engineering geology; Mogao Grottoes; sandy conglomerate; weathering; microscopic characteristics 0 引言 敦煌学以其悠久的历史底蕴和丰富的文化内涵，被列为国学四大显学之一。莫高窟作为 敦煌学研究的载体，是我国目前为止规模最大、历史最悠久、保存最为完整的石质文化遗址。 它始建于十六国时期的前秦