青藏高原东北缘高寒草甸8种常见葱属植物种子大小和萌发能力变异研究.docVIP

  青藏高原东北缘高寒草甸 8 种常见葱属植物 种子大小和萌发能力变异研究# 葛文静1，王顺霞2，卜海燕1，吴航1，齐威1，刘坤1，李亚莉3，杜国祯1** 5 （1. 兰州大学生命科学学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室，兰州 2. 宁夏回族自治区草原工作站，银川 750002； 3. 玛曲县西科河欧拉羊种公畜养殖场，甘肃玛曲 747300） 730000； 摘要：本文研究了高寒环境中 8 种葱属植物种子大小和萌发能力随海拔升高的种内种间变异 10 15 20 25 30 35 及其相关关系，旨在分析海拔对植物适应进化的选择作用，为适应性进化研究提供基础的数 据。研究结果表明：1）在青藏高原东部高寒草甸采集到的 8 种葱属植物种子大小差异显著， 且随海拔升高逐渐降低；2）8 种葱属植物种子萌发能力差异显著，且与海拔显著正相关；3） 8 种葱属植物种子萌发能力与种子大小显著负相关。高海拔的葱属植物种子较小、而萌发能 力较强，这可能是对生境条件的一种适应性选择。 关键词：生态学；高寒草甸；种子大小；萌发能力；海拔 中图分类号：Q948.1 Variation of seed size and germinability of Allium species in the alpine meadow GE Wenjing1, WANG Shunxia2, BU Haiyan1, WU Hang1, QI Wei1, LIU Kun1, LI Yali3, DU Guozhen1 (1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems,Life Science School,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000; 2. The grassland workstation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750002; 3. The Sire Farm of Oula Sheep in Xikehe,Maqu,Gansu 747300) Abstract: To analyse the effect of altitude on adaptable evolution of plant and get the basal data, we discussed the variation of seed size and germinability of 8 Allium species with increasing altitude and their correlativity. And the results showed that: 1) there was significant difference in seed size of 8 Allium species collected from the alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and seed size decreased significant with increasing altitude; 2) there was significant difference in seed germinability of 8 Allium species, and significant positive with increasing altitude;3)there was significant negative between seed germinability and seed size of 8 Allium species. We considered that the characters of smaller seed size and higher germinability of Allium species in higher altitude may be adaptive selection to environment. Key words: ecology; alpine meadow; seed size; germinability; altitude 0 引言 长期以来，种子大小、扩散、萌发和休眠等种子特性作为植物生活史的重要组成部分而 备受关注 [1,2] 。通常认为，种子大小是种子固有的非常稳定的特性，然而很多研究却表明， 40  [4] [5] [6] [3]  子萌发和幼苗建植能力在一定程度上可以决定植物群落的恢复与重建  [7,8]  ， 而种子大