基于准公共产品界定下的中小企业信用担保效率研究.docVIP

摘 要 中小企业是我国国民经济中的重要组成部分，在推动经济发展、解决劳动力就业和保持社会稳定方面发挥重要作用。但是，融资难、尤其是贷款难的问题，严重制约了我国中小企业的发展。在此背景下，一种由政府主导建立、专门破解中小企业融资问题的第三方信用工具——中小企业信用担保机制应运而生。 本文从信息经济学领域分析了信息不对称导致了中小企业信贷市场的退化，提出了信用担保可以修正信贷市场信息不对称状态，使得商业银行与中小企业的信贷交易得以完成。然后从公共经济学思路指出中小企业信用担保产品是具有外部正效应的准公共产品，为各国政府出资成立政策性信用担保机构提供了理论依据。最后在准公共产品的界定下，从福利经济学的范畴、以帕累托效率标准以及潜在的帕累托改进效率标准为起点和分析工具，分析了信用担保产品的供给主体、成本补偿、定价方式及其相关问题。 关键词：中小企业 信用担保 准公共产品 社会福利 帕累托效率 Abstract As an important part of China’s national economy, the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SMEs) play a significant role in promoting economic development, increasing employment and maintaining a stable society. SMEs’ development, however, has been badly restricted by the difficulty of financing, especially from banks. Under these circumstances, an important credit instrument棗nthe Credit Guarantee for Small and Medium-sized Enterprise project supported by national social science fund has been established by Chinese government for resolving the difficulty of SMEs debt financing. Based on the theory of information economics, this thesis finds that the information asymmetry is the main cause for the degeneration of the credit market of SMEs, and proposes that the credit guarantee can adjust the information asymmetry and promote the accomplishment of credit deal between the banks and SMEs. From the view of the public economics, the credit guarantee project is quasi-public goods with positive externalities. Our analysis provides theoretical background for the foundation of the government-funded institutions of the credit guarantee. Finally, under the definition of quasi-public goods, from the perspective of the welfare economics, with the pareto efficiency as a criterion and the potential pareto improvement as the analytical tools, we analyze the supply body, cost compensation and the pricing of the credit guarantee goods as well as other related issues. Keywords： SMEs，Credit Guarantee，Quasi-public Goods Social Welfare，Pareto efficienc