从华文教育的角度看海外华人的文化追寻.pdfVIP

摘 要 中国人移居海外至今已有好几百年的历史，伴随着人口的海外迁移与华人社会的形 成，中华文化也开始在海外大范围传播并扎根于海外各地。经过几百年来民族文化的接触 与融合，加上当地国政策的影响，海外华人文化认同已经发生了变异，而不再单纯是中国 本土文化的海外延伸。在不同程度地保留中华优秀传统文化的基础上，海外华人纷纷吸纳 当地国文化与西方文化，并积极融入到主流社会中去。而华文教育作为中华语言文化教授 与传承的重要载体，成为了海外华人追寻自身民族文化与建构文化身份的重要手段之一。 而影响海外华人发展华文教育，追寻民族文化的因素主要有三个：当地国文化政策、 祖（籍）国侨教政策与国际大环境。本文在具体分析这三大影响因素的基础上，重点论述 海外华人，尤其是华教工作者面对着这些挑战与机遇，是如何发展海外华文教育，培育华 裔青少年与传承中华传统文化的。经过这些分析与论述，我们可以更好地了解当前海外华 文教育的发展状况，以及影响其可持续性发展的积极力量与消极因素，从而可以更有针对 性地开展侨务与侨教工作，扶持与促进海外华文教育的发展。 关键字：海外华人；文化身份；文化追寻；华文教育 I Abstract The overseas immigration of Chinese has lasted for hundreds years. With this transnational immigration and the gradual forming of Chinese society, the Chinese culture has been wide- spreadly transmitted and even rooted in other overseas regions. For hundreds of years’ cultural communication and integration, and with the influence of policy supports of resident countries, the cultural identity of overseas Chinese has been variated and no longer simply been the over- seas extentions of Chinese native culture. On the basis of preserving Chinese traditional culture in various degrees, Chinese immigrants positively absorb western and the dwelling countries’ cultures, and actively enter into the mainstream of the local societies. In addition, as an important carrier of teaching and inheriting Chinese language and culture, Chinese education has become one of the most important methods for overseas Chinese to pursue their national culture . It is concluded that three factors which influence the development of Chinese education and the pursuit of the national culture are the cultural policies of dwelling countries, home countrys policy of overseas Chinese education, and the international environment. On the basis of analyz- ing these three influential factors, this dissert