RAPD技术在玉兰亚属植物分类中的应用.docVIP

RAPD技术在玉兰亚属植物分类研究中的应用* 王亚玲1,2，张寿洲3，崔铁成2 （1 西北农林科技大学，陕西杨陵712100；2 西安植物园，西安710061；3仙湖植物园，深圳518004） 摘要：对玉兰亚属的17个种进行RAPD标记实验的结果表明：RAPD标记在玉兰亚属内具有很高的多态性，证明RAPD标记可作为木兰科低等级分类单元的分类依据。聚类分析结果显示，分布于美洲的渐叶木兰与其它分布于亚洲的种类明显分开，滇藏木兰与亚洲的其余15个种也具有较远的亲缘关系，其余各个种各自聚类，种间均有着不同的遗传距离。RAPD及分子序列测定分析结果均不支持玉兰亚属以萼片状花被片、开花时间、花被片颜色作为分组的依据，建议玉兰亚属以地理分布特征作为分组依据，建立亚洲组与美洲组两个类群。 关键词：玉兰亚属；RAPD标记；分类 Studies on Classification of Subgenus Yulania by RAPD Analysis Wang Yaling1,2,Zhang Shouzhou3,Cui Tiecheng2 (1 Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry ,Yangling,Shanxi 712100; 2 Xi’an Botanical Garden,Xi’an 710061;3 Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen 518004) Abstract Seventeen species were tested by RAPD analysis. The results indicated that RAPD patterns within Subgenus Yulania were highly polymorphic, which could be used for the classification of Magnoliaceae at the level of species. M.acuminata originating from North America could be obviously distinguished from the other species from Asia by the cluster analysis. Of the Asia species, the relationships between M.campbellii and the other Asia species were poor. The rest Asia species were clustered into different groups respectively and there were different distance between any two species. The results from RAPD and sequence analysis did not support sectional treatments of the Subgenus Yulania based on sepaloid tepals, time of flowering, and the tepal color. It was suggested that Subgenus Yulania could be divided into two sections: section Asia and section America. Key words：Subgenus Yulania；RAPD analysis；classification 木兰属玉兰亚属(Magnolia subgenus Yulania))植物为落叶乔木或灌木，栽培历史悠久，有许多著名的园林观赏和药用种类。由于该亚属分布范围广，自然杂交容易，形态变异类型多，为该属的分类造成一定的困难。随着分子生物学的发展， RFLP、RAPD、cpDNA基因序列测定等分子生物学手段在植物系统学研究中越来越受到重视。RFLP 及matK、trnK间隔区、psbA-trnH、atpB-rbcL、ndhF、trnL、trnL-trnF等cpDNA序列的测定分析也已在木兰科（Magnoliaceae）植物分子系统学研究中得到应用，在验证了许多解剖学、形态学观点的同时，也提出许多与形态学分类很不相同的系统发育树，对一些传统的分类依据提出了质疑[1-4]。但由于木兰科植物具有原始保守性，cpDNA序列在本科中进化很慢，碱基变异位点相对其它被子植物变化要少的多，所能提供的信息量较少，使cpDNA序列分析在木兰科系统研究