地源热泵U形埋管换热的数值模拟及优化研究.doc

摘  要  可持续发展已经成为 21 世纪各国发展的共同方向和人类社会发展的共识，能源 危机是制约可持续发展的关键性因素。地热资源在暖通空调和热水供应等领域已经得 到非常广泛的应用，土壤源热泵系统就是其中的一项重要应用。地埋管换热器的传热 过程是土壤源热泵系统中最重要的方面，直接影响其运行性能。 本文用数值模拟的方法对地埋管换热器中的 U 形管的换热过程进行了详细研究。 使用 GAMBIT 软件建立 U 形管与周围土壤换热的三维模型，用大型商业 CFD 软件 FLUENT 进行数值模拟，用其自带的后处理功能对模拟结果进行分析，通过实验验证 得出了模型的正确性。通过对冬季和夏季工况下热泵机组连续运行三个月时 U 形管换 热过程的模拟，得出了其在各个时刻的换热量值和总的变化趋势，为工程设计提供参 考。通过对土壤温度场在空间各个方向上的分布情况和 U 形管换热过程各部分热阻的 分析，提出了部分强化传热的措施。通过研究土壤的导热性能、回填材料的导热性能、 U 形管进口水温及流速大小、钻井深度、管腿中心距和换热器管材等因素对 U 形单位 管长换热量的影响，提出了优化 U 形管换热的方法，得出了一些对工程设计和施工很 有价值的结论。  关键词：地源热泵系统  U 形管换热器  数值模拟 I Abstract Continuable development have already become the consensus of the common and the direction of social development in all countries for 21 centuries, the energy crisis is decisive factor that restrict the continuable development. The subterranean heat resources have already got the very extensive application in HVAC and hot water supplying, ground-source heat pump system is an important application among them. Heating exchange of ground heat exchanger is the most important aspect of ground-source heat pump system, directly affect its performance. This text uses the method of numerical simulation to study the heat exchange of U-tube. Using the GAMBIT software establishment 3D model of U-tube and the surroundings soils ,carry on the numerical simulation with the large business CFD software FLUENT, using its handle function analysis the result, throughing the experiment validate the accuracy of the model. Simulating the U-tube heat exchange under winter and summer continuously work condition of three months , getting the heat exchange value at each time and total variety trends, providing the referrence to engineering design. Analysing the temperature distribute of ground in three dimension and the heat exchange resistance, getting some measures that enhance heat exchange.Getting the influencing effect to heat flux by different factors through numerical simulating, such as the depth of well, the inlet temperature