鸡新城疫壳聚糖微球疫苗的制备及免疫效果的研究.docVIP

鸡新城疫壳聚糖微球疫苗的制备及免疫效果研究 徐怀英1，秦卓明1，王友令1，贾 强1，翟荣玲2 （1山东省农业科学院家禽研究所，济南 250100；2山东农业大学，山东泰安 271018） 摘要：【目的】新城疫是禽类的一种急性、高度接触性传染病，是危害养禽业的首要疫病。疫苗免疫是控制该病的首选方法，但目前常用的弱毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗具有各自的缺点，在实际应用中具有一定的局限性。故本研究拟制备新城疫壳聚糖微球疫苗，以弥补弱毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的不足。【方法】利用壳聚糖为囊材，新城疫病毒液为芯材，戊二醛为交联剂，选择适当的乳化体系，制备出粒径小、分散性好的新城疫微球疫苗。将新城疫壳聚糖微球疫苗与LaSota活疫苗和新城疫灭活疫苗分别免疫SPF鸡，利用MTT试验和血清IgG HI试验，分别检测不同疫苗免疫后的细胞免疫和体液免疫水平，并在血清抗体水平为3log2时进行攻毒试验。【结果】制备的新城疫壳聚糖微球疫苗平均粒径为5.83 μm，均匀度较好，免疫试验鸡后可刺激机体产生较强的细胞免疫和体液免疫，与另外两组数据比较均有显著差异；且微球疫苗免疫组对强毒株的攻毒产生了较好的保护。【结论】新城疫壳聚糖微球兼有弱毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的优点，具有较好的免疫保护效果，是一种具有广阔应用前景的新型疫苗。 关键词：新城疫；壳聚糖；微球疫苗 Studies on the Preparation and Immunity Effect of NDV Chitosan Microsphere XU Huai-ying1, QIN Zhuo-ming1, WANG You-ling1, JIA Qiang1, ZHAI Rong-ling2 (1Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agriculture, Jinan 250100; 2Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong) Abstract: 【Objective】Newcastle disease (ND) is an acute and highly contagious disease,which does great harms to the poultry industry. Vaccine is the best method to control this disease,while the La Sota live vaccine and inactivated ND vaccine have each insufficiency. To conquer the deficiencies, chitosan was selected to prepare NDV microsphere vaccine. 【Method】NDV hitosan microsphere can be prepared using chitosan as capsule wall material, NDV as core material, glutaraldehyde as cross-lingking material. To evaluate vaccine’s effect with live LaSota and inactivated NDV vaccine, SPF chicken were immunized, and detect MTT, IgG and protected activity were detected. 【Result】The average particle size of NDV hitosan microsphere is 5.83 um, and it can educe high cellular immunity, humoral immunity and well protection.【Conclusion】NDV hitosan microsphere vaccine has the advantages of live La Sota and inactivated NDV vaccine, thus it is a sufficiently significant new vaccine. Key words: NDV; Chitosan; Microsphere vaccine 0 引言 【研究意义】膜免疫系统在抗原刺激后可产生膜免疫应答和体液免疫应答，而灭活疫苗免疫只能诱导体液免疫应答，不能激活膜免疫系统，即使有较高的血清抗体滴度，仍不能阻止病原经膜入侵体内[1]。由于膜表面与外界抗原直接接触，是机体抵抗病原微生物入侵的第