毕业设计（论文）-汽轮机凝汽器铜管结垢的原因分析与处理.doc

汽轮机凝汽器铜管结垢的原因分析与处理摘 要 能源工业是国民经济发展的基础工业，经济的持续发展与能源稳定高效供给是密不可分的，电力工业作为国民经济的先行产业，在能源工业中起着举足轻重的作用，而凝汽器又是电厂中的重要设备之一，它的正常运行将节约大量能源。 本文针对火力发电机组凝汽器结垢的现状，通过分析总结结垢形态的形成机理及环境因素，提出了有效的防护方案，从理论和实验上研究了凝汽器铜管结垢的内在原因。研究发现，该凝汽器铜管的结垢主要是碳酸钙结垢，结垢的根本原因在于系统所用循环水质问题。选用除垢能力和抗结垢能力高的凝汽器冷却管胶球清洗系统可以提高系统的抗结垢能力，从而在一定程度上解决结垢腐蚀问题。随着科学技术的不断发展,新的防垢除垢技术不断推出。本文从凝汽器结构及其作用出发，分析了凝汽器结垢的机理及凝汽器结垢对机组热经济性和安全性的影响，对应得出几种凝汽器的清洗方法。主要有，高压水射流清洗法、胶球清洗法、静电水处理法、高频电磁场水处理法、加酸法、二氧化碳法等。 关键词： 凝汽器；结垢；防垢；机械清洗；化学清洗  Abstract Energy industry is the key to the development of national economy. Sustained economic development has close relationship with high-effect and stable energy supply. As the antecedent industry of national economy, power industry plays a very important role in energy industry. And steam condenser is one of the most important equipments of power station; it can save a large number energy without any troubles. The paper introduces the situation of fouling in the steam condenser, and according to analysis the reason that fouling form and other environmental factors, propose some effective solutions to prevent the fouling. In addition, the paper has studied some reasons inside of fouling forming of steam condenser from theory and practice. I find that the main part of fouling is Calcium carbonate rooting from water circulating in the system. If we choose the condenser cooling pipe rubber ball clean system which has strong effective to remove the fouling. It can improve the efficacy of anti-fouling of system. Thereby it solves the fouling corrosion. With the science and technology uninterrupted growth, the new antifouling technology develop. The main body of the paper implement structure and their effect sets off from to curdling , analytical curdle the vapor implement forms dirty mechanism and curdle impact of vapor implement fouling over hot economy of aircraft crew and security, corresponding reach several kinds curdling vapor implement washing method. Such as high-handed water jet washes, glue ball washes,