台湾核能组件超音波检测能力验证制度.pdfVIP

台湾核能组件超音波检测能力验证制度 27 徐鸿发，林东威 （台湾核能研究所，台湾） 摘 要：超音波检测法是运转中核能电厂大修时主要的非破坏检测方法之一，为确保检测之有效 性，传统的作法是各检测单位必须针对被测组件之材质、几何形状等差异所造成之检测困难度，选择 适用之探头与仪器，开发可行之检测程序书，再经由实际验证确认程序书所采用之技术的有效性，以 便能有效地应用于现场检测。然而，对于核能组件，上述做法仍无法达成检测所需之可靠度，为进一 步控制检测之不确定度，1989年版美国机械工程师学会锅炉与压力容器规章第十一部增加了附录八， 开始加入重要核能组件超音波检测所需之能力验证（Performance Demonstration，简称 PD）要求。 美国核管会则在美国电力研究所 EPRI 将相关的能力验证技术、设备及程序建立后，于 2000 年以联 邦法规 10CFR 50.55a强制要求各核能电厂执行。本文比对欧、美、亚各国超音波检测能力验证制度， 介绍各国之特色；并说明台湾在执行此项工作之实务经验，包括碳钢管焊道、不锈钢管焊道、异材焊 道、螺栓等项目，以及相位数组式超音波、异材焊道检测、覆焊焊道试件准备、计算机仿真等超音波 检测人员能力验证相关之技术与实绩。 关键词：超音波检测；能力验证；异材焊道；覆焊焊道 The Status of Nuclear Components UT Performance Demonstration in Taiwan XU Hong-Fa, LIN Dong-Wei Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taiwan Abstract: The Institute of Nuclear Energy Research INER in Taiwan is holding an ultrasonic testing performance demonstration PD program from 2002 for the nondestructive testing crew of Taiwan’s nuclear power plants. This program is for qualifying personnel ’s ultrasonic testing UT skills on carbon steel piping welds, stainless steel piping welds, dissimilar metal DM piping welds and bolts. For the piping welds, artificial axial and circumferential flaws are embedded in welds. Examinees are required to detect and size flaw lengths. For the PD of bolt, circumferential electrical discharge machining EDM notches were designed and machined on the threaded sections of bolts. Examinees are required to detect and indicate the location of all flaws on tested bolts. Besides manual and automatic technique, the phased array technique is also available for qualifying the stainless steel piping welds and dissimilar metal piping welds inspection. INER’s welding group is preparing the required overlay weld test pieces for the next PD item, which is planning to be available in 2012. The progress and achievement of this PD program, for about 10 years, will be reported in this paper. Keywords: ultrasoni