国际贸易和环境保护协调发展的法律问题研究.pdfVIP

Abstract With the accelerating development of the globlization of the world economy and the unceasing enlargement of international trade．the confl ict between international trade and environmental protection is more and more serious．The 1iberal systems and regularions of international trade j direct]Y or indirectlY，can influence environment from diverse aspects，whicb has been intensivelY embodied by incessant disputes aroused from international trade recentlY．Numerous MEAs have been assigned to protect environment and eeo]ogy resources，which indefinitely will affects the further development of international trade．How to coordinate the development of the international trade and envirOnmental protection so as to accomplish the purpose of sustainable development，is an impending problem． The purpose of this article is putting forward a countermeasure and legal proposals．This article stated the inner relation of international trade and environmental protection．analyzed the traits of WTO’s method，compared the mechanism of handling th-j disputes of international trade and enVironmental protection of European Courts and WTO．and on such foundation，pointed out the way of coordination of international trade and environmental protection，put forward a legal proposal from systematic aspects． As for domestic legislation，We shall also improve the current Constitution，foreign trade law and environment law，safeguard the coordinate development of international trade and environmental protection in】aw． Key words：International trade，Environmental protection，WTO，MEAs II 第1章国际贸易和环境保护之间的关系 进入90年代之后，贸易与环境的关系问题成了世界范围内最热门的话题之一。 显而易见的事实是，经济的全球化与环境问题的全球化并存，自由贸易与环境保护 之间似乎存在着难以协调的矛盾。一方面，一些重要的国际环境条约(亦称“多边 环境协定”)规定以贸易限制措施作为实现其环境目标的手段：另一方面，一国国内 实施的环境保护措施标准，往往会影响该国与其他国家的贸易关系。在世界贸易组 织成立之前，从80年代开始，涉及环境问题的贸易争端已在原关贸总协定内多次产 生。在乌拉圭回合谈判中，自由贸易与环境保护之间的对立关系也充分表现出来。 [1】 这些激烈的冲突是世界各国追求贸易自由和环境保护同时发展，但又难以两全 的表现。贸易自由是当今世界经济发展的主要途径，而环境问题又是关系到人类 生存的大问题，要将两者结合起来，必须首先认清两者的重要性。 1．1贸易自由化 目前，世界各国都在为争取更有利的对外贸易条件而努力。随之而来的是贸