高电压技术作者吴广宁第五章5－1课件.pptVIP

可见电场作用力与电压平方成正比，所以它的偏转方向与被测电压的极性无关。因此，静电电压表既能测量直流又能测量交流电压。所测为电压有效值。 Shows the electric field force and the voltage proportional to the square, so its deflection direction and measured the voltage polarity has nothing to do. Therefore, the electrostatic voltage meter can measure both DC-AC voltage measurement. Measured by the voltage and current rms. 静电电压表的内阻很高，因此在测量时几乎不会改变被测试样上的电压；这是它的突出优点。对于电压等级不太高的试验，使用它能很方便地在高压端直接测出电压。目前我国已研制成功测量范围为0～500kV的一系列静电电压表。 Electrostatic voltmeter resistance is high, it almost does not change when the measurement sample to be tested on the voltage; This is its outstanding advantages. Not too high for the voltage level of the test, the use of it can be easily measured in high-voltage direct voltage side. At present, China has successfully developed a measuring range of 0 ~ 500kV series of electrostatic voltmeter. 4. 分压器 Divider 在被测电压高于200kV时，直接用指示仪表测量高压比较困难，通常采用电容分压器配用低压仪表测量高压。其原理如图5-11。 In the measured voltage is higher than 200kV, the direct use of direct measurement of high-pressure instrumentation more difficult, usually in low pressure capacitive divider with high-pressure measuring instrument. The principle shown in Figure 5-11. 图5-11 交流电容分压器 Fig.5-11 AC capacitive divider C1 、C2分别为高、低压臂。在工频电压作用下，流过电容C1和C2的电流均为 ，两电容上的压降分别为 和 。 C1, C2 respectively, are high and low voltage arm. In the effect of the power frequency voltage, currents flowing through the capacitors C1 and C2 are ic. The voltage drop of two capacitors are and . 图5-11 交流电容分压器 Fig.5-11 AC capacitive divider 这里 ，又 Here ，and (5-15) (5-16) 所以有 Therefore (5-17) 称为分压比。显然只要 ，那么 ， is called for divider ratio. It is clearly that if , . 使大部分电压降在C1上，从而实现用低压仪表测量高压的目的。对于分压器，要求K是常数，不应随外界因素的改变而变化，或者变化满足测量准确度的要求。此外，分压器本身的电抗应足够大以尽可能减小对被测回路的影响。