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* * * * Chapter Eight:Islam The Dome of the Rock Mosque Muhammad and the Birth of Islam Muhammad born in Mecca (570 CE) A prophet in the tradition of Moses and Jesus Received revelations from God through angel Gabriel Cast out of Mecca - Hegira (622 CE) Preached in the Qa’aba temple Islam means “submission to God” The Qa’aba in Mecca John Donne (1572-1631)Holy Sonnets: Batter my heart, three-persond God ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Batter my heart, three-persond God, for you ? ? ? ? ? ? ?As yet but knock, breathe, shine, and seek to mend; ? ? ? ? ? ? ?That I may rise and stand, oerthrow me, and bend ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Your force to break, blow, burn, and make me new. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?I, like an usurpd town toanother due, ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Labor to admit you, but oh, to no end; ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Reason, your viceroy in me, me should defend, ? ? ? ? ? ? ?But is captivd, and proves weak or untrue. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Yet dearly I love you, and would be lovd fain, ? ? ? ? ? ? But am betrothd unto your enemy; ? ? ? ? ? ? Divorce me, untie or break that knot again, ? ? ? ? ? ? Take me to you, imprison me, for I, ? ? ? ? ? ? Except you enthrall me, never shall be free, ? ? ? ? ? ? Nor ever chaste, except you ravish me. Five Pillars of Islam Recitation: One must recite the Muslim act of faith: “there is one God and Muhammad is his messenger” Prayer: One must pray five times a day facing Mecca Charity: one must donate a portion of one’s wealth Fasting: One must fast during the holy month of Ramadan Pilgrimage: one must make a trip (Haj) to Mecca at least once in a lifetime to worship at the Qa’aba The Qur’an Central text of Islam Collation of Muhammad’s oral revelations 114 chapters (s?ras); about as long as the New Testament Written in Arabic Cannot be translated Source of unifications for all Muslims Memorization and recitation Calligraphy: “beautiful writing” Functions of Islamic Mosques A mosque is “a place for ritual prostration”—ie, Islamic prayer Decorated geometrically in tiles, non-narrative art