ppt课件-humanvisualsystem-universityofwisconsin–madison.pptVIP

Color Imaging Describing Chromatic lights Radiance (watt): Total amount of energy flow from the light source. Luminance (lumens, lm): measure of amount of energy an observer perceives from a light source. It varies based on distance from the source, wavelength, etc. Brightness: a subjective descriptor, describing color sensation. Primary Colors Primary colors of light (additive): Red (700 nm), 65% cones sensitive to red light. Green (546.1nm), 33% Blue(435.8nm). 2% cones sensitive to blue light. Mixing of R,G,B may NOT generate ALL visible colors. Primary and Secondary Colors of Lights and Pigments Primary colors of pigment (subtractive): magenta, cyan, and yellow. Characterization of Color Colors are distinguished from one another based on brightness, hue, and saturation. Hue: an attribute associated with the dominant wavelength in a mixture of light waves. It represents the dominant color as perceived by an observer. Saturation: specifies relative purity or the amount of white lights mixed with a hue. Hue and saturation together are called chromaticity. Chromaticity Diagram Tri-chromatic coefficients: Let X, Y, Z: tri-stimulus values representing the amounts of red, green, and blue needed to form any particular color. Since x + y + z = 1, x and y along will make a chromaticity diagram CIE Chromaticity diagram x-axis: red, y-axis: green Color on boundary are completely saturated. Saturation @ pts of equal energy is zero Color Gamut Any 3 points in the chromaticity diagram can produce all colors within that triangle. Due to the tongue-shape indicates that no mixing of three primary color can produce ALL possible colors Color Models RGB color model: monitor, video CMY (CMYK) color model: printing HIS: close to HVS RGB Color Model R, G, B at 3 axis ranging in [0 1] each Gray scale along the diagonal If each component is quantized into 256 levels [0:255], the total number of different colors that can be produced is (28)3 = 224 = 16,777,216 color