周惠英读书笔记交流.pptVIP

Teaching Language: From Grammar to Grammaring Essential Criteria for Designing Output Practice Activities Be meaningful and Engaging Focus on the Learning Challenge ---- Form, Meaning, or Use Be meaningful and Engaging Students will best acquire the structures or patterns when they are put into situations that require them to use structures and patterns for some meaningful purposes other than decontextualized or mechanistic practice. Meaning practice activities also serve to engage learners. Focus on the Learning Challenge Frequency----- frequent opportunities to use a target structure / pattern “The frequent use of a structure will not be mechanical repetition. Instead, students should engage in a meaningful activity that requires the frequent use of a form.” —— Diane Larsen Freeman “P118” To have students get many exposures to the target pattern. To have students carry out a series of related activities. form, meaning, use Association —— Students need to make an association between grammar form and its essential meaning. A meaning-focused activity allows for form and meaning of several different forms to be connected. —— P118 Choice —— Students must learn to make the appropriate choice according to given contextual constraints. Focus on the Learning Challenge frequency association choice Subject: Modal verb : should/ought to +have done Teacher: Zhang Li (张丽) Date: May 25, 2011 案例 He was late for class this morning. ( get up earlier, set the alarm clock, ask father to drive him to school, …) (stay up late reading the novel, walk to school instead of taking a bus, play the basketball on the way to school, …) He should have … . He shouldn’t have … . …failed the exam . (be more careful while having the exam,… ) (be absent-minded in class,…) Talk with your partner : ★ Say sorry to whom? (parents; friend; teacher; someone else) ★ Why? (should have done/shouldn’t have done ought to have done/oughtn’t to have do