ppt课件-communicatinginorganizations-cengage.pptVIP

What is Communication? Can be defined as the process by which information is exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior. The Manager asInformation Nerve Center Model of Communications Process The Pyramid of Channel Richness Capacity of Information Channel Influenced by Three Characteristics 1. The ability to handle multiple cues simultaneously. 2. The ability to facilitate rapid, two-way feedback. 3. The ability to establish a personal focus for the communication. Nonverbal Communication Messages sent through human actions and behavior rather through words. Most nonverbal communication is unconscious or subconscious. Occurs mostly face-to-face. Three factors in message interpretation. Verbal Impact: 7 percent. Vocal Impact: 38 percent. Facial Impact: 55 percent. Ten Keys to Effective Listening Organizational Communication Downward Communication Messages sent from top management down to subordinates. Most familiar and obvious flow of formal communication. Major problem is drop off. Another concern, distortion. Upward Communication Messages that flow from the lower to the higher levels in the organizations. Upward communications mechanisms: 1. Suggestion boxes. 2. Employee surveys. 3. MIS reports. 4. Face to face conversations. Horizontal Communication Lateral or diagonal exchange of messages among peers or coworkers. Horizontal communications three categories: 1. Intradepartmental problem solving. 2. Interdepartmental coordination. 3. Change initiatives and improvements. The Grapevine Will always exists in organizations. Used to fill in information gaps. Tends to be more active during periods of change. About 80% of topics are business related. About 70-90% of details of grapevine are accurate. The Grapevine 1. Gossip chain . . . A single individual conveys news to many. 2. Cluster chain . . . A few individuals each convey information to many. Dialogue and Discussion: the Differences Commu