ppt课件-mine healthand safety act（我的健康和安全法案）.pptVIP

MSHA’s Dilemma – How to Deal with Survivors of the Initial Fire or Explosion ?April 2008 Dr. B. C. Paul Most Mass Casualty Events are Fires or Explosions What should be done if an event occurs? Some combination of Get people out Get rescue teams in Have People Barricade or hold up for rescue Of course if you blow up the whole mine like Winter Quarters or Monagah you don’t have to worry about survivors One effects of good ventilation, rock dusting and keeping coal dust down is that you probably won’t blow whole mines out the entrance A Best Course of Action Historically largest groups of survivors are those who got out quickly after the mine blew. People who are out of the mine don’t need to be rescued If you have people in the mine someone must balance risk to their rescue parties vs. lives that will be lost with a slow response Hope breeds heroics (often more pronounced than calculated response) The Flip Side Historically the largest group of the dead (assuming the survived the initial blast) has been those groping toward escape Originally miners had no breathing devices so unless you got onto a fresh air stream or outran the CO you were toast This led to the alternate practice that if you are trapped try to barricade and protect a good air pocket. To Barricade or Not to Barricade For people not near openings where explosions were behind them or a fresh air course available When has Making a Run Worked When the explosion is deeper inside and the opening is a short distance away. When you can exit into the incoming air In past haulages were often placed in returns, haulages were most likely to be open Also most likely to let CO overtake you Of 328 men who escaped successfully 223 followed incoming air courses created by quick fan and door settings to throw fresh air onto an escape route Belle Ellen 1922 – 16 got backed into returns and CO got them When you can tell and know where you are going Smoke darkness and confusion has lost many the time to escape the CO B