医学免疫学MHC七年制__培训课件.pptVIP

* * * * * * Figure 3-22 2.Distribution of MHC class I and II Class I expressed on all nucleated cells in man. Class II expressed primarily on B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells ,etc. Features of Class I and Class II MHC Molecules Feature Class I MHC Class II MHC Polypeptide chains α (44-47 kD) β2-Microglobulin(12 kD) α (32-34 kD) β (29-32 kD) Binding site for T cell coreceptor α3 region binds CD8 β2 region binds CD4 Nomenclature HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP Cellular Distribution all nucleated cells Antigen-presenting cells Peptide-binding by class I and class II molecules Peptide-binding domain α1/α2 α1/β1 Nature of cleft closed open General size of peptides 8-10 aa 13-17 aa Class I Class II * MHC class I accommodate peptides of 8-10 amino acids Nature of presented peptides MHC class II accommodate peptides of 13 amino acids b2-M a-chain Peptide a-chain b-chain Peptide * The peptide-binding groove of MHC molecules 3.Characteristics of Peptide-MHC Interactions * Binding of Peptides to MHC Molecules The peptide-binding groove of MHC molecules * Anchor residue of antigenic peptide HLA-A*0201：x-L/M-x-x-x-x-x-x-L/V * Each class? and classII MHC molecule has a single peptide-binding cleft that can accommodate many different peptides---flexibility(包容性）.. The association of antigenic peptides and MHC molecules is a saturable, low-affinity interaction. The MHC molecules of an individual do not discriminate between foreign peptides and self antigen peptides. Characteristics of Peptide-MHC Interactions * If a microbe had proteins such that none of its peptides can bind to MHC, what’s the result? If a microbe mutates to avoid MHC binding of its peptides it would be a disaster! These considerations probably explain the polymorphism in MHC (large number of alleles within the populations) This specificity of MHC binding also