高中英语学习细节（人教版选修6）之The power of nature：（The power of nature）语法突破 Word版含答案.docVIP

（一）动词-ing 动词-ing （二）解析动词-ing的基本用法 1. 作主语：此时的-ing是动名词，看成单数，常用it作形式主语，把v-ing放于句末。常见句型有： It be a waste+v.-ing; It be no good/use+v.-ing;There be no sense in+v.-ing; There be no point in+v.-ing It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这么一个人加入我们纯属浪费时间。 2. 作宾语：此时的v.-ing为动名词，常出现在某些不能用不定式作宾语的动词后。如：enjoy, advise, admit, appreciate, forbid, feel like, be accustomed to等后。 I can’t imagine working outdoors in such a cold day. 3. 作定语：此时的v.-ing既可以是动名词，也可以是现在分词。但动名词放在所修饰的名词前作为定语表示该名词的用途或有关的动作；而现在分词作定语则用于说明所修饰名词正在进行的动作。 dining room(动名词) a waiting room(动名词) a waiting man(现在分词) 4. 作表语：此时的v.-ing既可以是动名词，也可以是现在分词。动名词作表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可互换；现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，主语与表语的位置不能互换。 Our job is playing all kinds of music.(动名词作表语)=Playing all kind of music is our job. The music they are playing sounds exciting.(现在分词作表语) What he did yesterday was amazing.(现在分词作表语) 5. 作宾语补足语：此时的v.-ing是现在分词，主要用于以下两类动词后构成宾语补足语。感官动词如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, notice等。使役动词，如have，keep, leave等。 I felt someone patting on the shoulder. I am sorry to have kept you waiting long. 很抱歉让你久等了。 The young mother left her baby crying. 年轻的妈妈让她的孩子在哭泣。 6. 作状语：此时的v.-ing是现在分词。-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状语等。 Crossing the road, he was run over by a car.(时间状语) Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand the film.(原因状语) Working hard, you will pass the exam.(条件状语) The children went into the classroom, talking and laughing.(伴随状语)His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan.(结果状语) 【补充分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它自己的主语。Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.(分词作状语) The train having gone, we had to wait another day.(独立主格) （三）-ing形式的完成式 主动：aving+过去分词，主语+谓语。 Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. -ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在句子中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 被动：（aving been）+过去分词，主语+谓语。 Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. -ing的完成被动式所表示的动作与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 （四）-ing形式的否定式 其基本结构是：not+-ing形