IntroductionstoPLC分解.ppt

Lesson 19 Introductions to PLC A PLC (i.e. Programmable Logic Controller) is a device that was invented to replace the necessary sequential relay circuits for machine control. PLC(即可编程逻辑控制器)是机械控制中为替代必要的继电器时序电路而发明的一种设备。 The PLC works by looking at its inputs and depending upon their state, turning on/off its outputs. PLC 工作时通过查询输入端并根据其状态打开或关闭输出。 The user enters a program, usually via software or programmer, that gives the desired results. 用户通常用软件或编程器输入程序，从而获得期望的结果。 PLCs are used in many “real world” applications. 很多实际应用都采用PLC。 If there is industry present, chances are good that there is a PLC present. 工业生产中应用PLC的可能性很高。 If you are involved in machining, packaging, material handling, automated assembly or countless other industries, you are probably already using them. 如果你正在进行机械制造、产品包装、材料处理、自动化装配及无数其他工业生产，你可能已经用到了PLC。 If you are not, you are wasting money and time. Almost any application that needs some type of electrical control has a need for a PLC. 如果没有用到，那就是在浪费金钱和时间。几乎所有需要电气控制的地方都需要PLC。 For example, let’s assume that when a switch turns on we want to turn a solenoid on for 5 seconds and then turn it off regardless of how long the switch is on for. 例如，假定在开关闭合时我们需要一个线圈接通5 秒，然后不管开关接通多长时间都将线圈断开。 We can do this with a simple external timer. But what if the process included 10 switches and solenoids? We would need 10 external timers. 我们可以通过一个简单的外部定时器来实现。但是假如该过程有十个开关和线圈呢？我们就需要十个外部定时器。 What if the process also needed to count how many times the switch individually turned on? We need a lot of external counters. 如果这个过程需要分别记录每个开关开启的次数呢？我们又需要很多外部计数器。 As you can see, the bigger the process the more of a need we have for a PLC. We can simply program the PLC to count its inputs and turn the solenoids on for the specified time. 由此可见，系统越大，我们就越需要PLC。我们可以简单地用PLC编程来对输入信号进行计数，并在规定的时间接通线圈。 We will take a look at what is considered to be the “top 20” PLC instructions. It can be safely estimated that with a firm understanding of these instructions one