美国医学教育中的职业化问题：从证据到责任.pdfVIP

复旦教育论坛 2007年第5卷第1期 Fudan Education Forum 2007．Vo1．5，No．1 · 医 苑· 美国医学教胄【l】昀职业化问题：AAiE据到责任 Jordan J Cohen’著，魏芬 编译 (1．美国医学院校协会，美国华盛顿；2．上海理工大学教务处，上海200093) 摘要：职业化是维护公众对医学职业信任的核心要素，也是医患关系的本质所在。但有证据表明，公众 对医学职业的信任日渐消失，医生也在维护医学职业价值观念时面临着各种挑战。本文在医学教育背景下 界定“职业化”的定义和框架，描述了职业化面临的各种挑战，也详细论述了医学院校和教学医院在维护医 学职业化过程中的角色和作用。此外，还评述了现行和试行中的评价职业化的工具、方法。最后，作者还提出 一 些建议供医学院校和教学医院参考。 关键词：医学教育；医学；职业化；公众信任；医患关系；责任；美国 中图分类号：G64．R一0 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672—0059(2007)01—0084—06 Professionalism in Medical Education，an American Perspective：from Evidence to Accountability Jordan J Cohen (writer)，WEI Fen2(editor-translator) ． Association ofA1lg~ricolt Medical Colleges，Washington DC 20037-1126,USA；2．TeachingAffairs office， University ofShanghaifor Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China) Abstract：Professionalism is the most important factor effecting public trust in the medical profession．It is also the essence of the doctor-patient relationship．Evidence shows that doctors are losing trusts from public currently．It has posed a serious threat for doctors to keep their professional values．This paper aims to provide a definition and framework for professionalism in the context of medical education，describe current threats to medical professionalism，and the role that medical schools and academic medical canters can play in sustaining professionalism．Additionally，the paper reviews established and potential methods for measuring professionalism and thus assuring public accountability．Finally，specific recommendations are offered for medical schools and teaching hospitals to nurture and sustain professionalism． Key words：medical education；academic medical；professionalism；public trust；doctor-patient relationship； accountability；United States 顿全球时报(Boston Globe)； 一 、 引言