几个具有优良组织培养特性的小麦品种-四川农业大学.doc

筛选具有优良组织培养特性的小麦品种及成熟胚半胚培养的有效性 生物科学2002级 陈黎 指导教师 晏本菊 教授 摘 要：为了筛选具有良好组织培养特性的优良小麦品种作为转基因受体，使转基因小麦能尽快得到应用，四个小麦品种绵阳11、川农12、川农17、川农18的幼胚和成熟胚以及七个2004年参加四川省区试的小麦品系的成熟胚被用来进行离体培养，考察其组织培养特性。结果表明，十三个品种（系）的成熟胚成愈率都达90%以上，但成熟胚来源的愈伤组织的植株再生率存在很大差异：七个小麦品系的植株再生率都低于20%，而四个小麦品种的植株再生率都达35%以上。另外，四个小麦品种的幼胚成愈率及植株再生率都分别达90%和63%以上。因此本研究为小麦的遗传转化提供了几个新的优良受体品种。而且，本研究进行成熟胚培养时，采用半胚培养的方式，一方面有效地克服了成熟胚在诱导培养基上直接萌发的现象，另一方面提高了成熟胚来源的愈伤组织分化为多苗的能力。该再生体系可以作为小麦胚培养的参考。 关键词：小麦，幼胚，成熟胚，组织培养特性，植株再生 Culling elite wheat cultivars with good tissue culture response and cultivating half-mature embryos effectively Chen Li Biological Science, Grade 2002 Directed by Yan Benju (Prof. Ph. D) Abstract: In order to screen elite wheat cultivars with good tissue culture response as recipients of wheat transformation and speed up the application of transgenic wheat, the immature and mature embryos of four wheat cultivars “Chuannong12”, “Chuannong17”, “Chuangnong18”, “Mianyang11” and of seven wheat lines, which were used for area test in Sichuan province in 2004, were cultured in vitro. The results indicate that mean callus induction rate of mature embryos was over 90%. However, significant differences were observed among the callus initiated from these mature embryos. The plant regeneration rate of callus initiated from mature embryo of the seven wheat lines were less than 20% and plant regeneration rate of callus initiated from mature embryo of the four wheat cultivars were more than 35%. Moreover, the callus induction rate and plant regeneration rate of immature embryos of the four wheat cultivars were in excess of 90% and 63%, respectively. So this research supplies three new elite recipient cultivars for wheat transformation. Furthermore, in this research, half-mature embryos were cultivated, which can decrease efficiently germination of embryos in callus induction media and increase the multiple-plantlet regeneration rate of callus from mature embryos. This wheat plant regeneration system could be a reference fo