论国际航运垄断协议之竞争规制.pdfVIP

Vo l. 25 No.4 中国海商法研究 第25 卷第4 期 Chinese Journal of Maritime Law Dec. 2014 2014 年 12 月 王秋雯.论国际航运垄断协议之竞争规制[JJ. 中国海商法研究，2014 ， 25(4) ;109-117 论国际航运垄断协议之竞争规制 王秋雯 (华东政法大学科学研究院，上海 201620) 摘要:近年以凹航运联盟为代表的航运垄断案件使中国航运业反垄断规制面临前所未有的挑战。航运垄断协 议因其强化了航运经营者之间的联合，为它们从事协同性行为，例如联合提价、联合收取附加费、统一运输条件等提 供了平台与空间，可能具有严重的反竞争效果而亟待竞争规制。然而各类航运协议在限制竞争效果、效率提升效 应、消费者福利增加减损层面却又效果各异。基于此种差异，将传统以航运组织形态为主的研究转向专注于航运协 议具体内容及其反竞争效果的微观化研究，对航运协议限制竞争效果与效率改进效果、消费者福利相权衡，试图以 此为基础划定航运经营者滥用契约自由、启动海事海商法律制度中强行法介入来矫正市场的干预门槛与边界。 关键词:航运垄断协议;竞争规制;反垄断规制;反垄断豁免 中图分类号;DF961. 9 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1 ∞3-7659-(2014 )04-0 109-09 Competition regulation of monopoly agreements in intemational shipping industry WANG Qiu-wen (Academy of Social Science Research ,East China University of Political Science and Law ,Shanghai 201620 ,China) Abstract; Monopoly-related cases occurred recently in the shipping industry , represented by the P3 Shipping Alliance , have been unprecedentedly challenging our regulation regime. Shipping monopoly 唱reement can strengthen the c∞perallon a- mong shipping ente甲rises ， and therefore may provide platform or opportunity for concerted behaviors , such as joint price-fix- ing , joint collection of surcharges , and adopting uniform shipping conditions. This may lead to serious anti-competitive effects. The competition regulation is therefore called for in the shipping industry. Nevertheless , these monopoly agreements may va町 in terms of their different anti-competitive effects , efficiency-enhancing effects , and con