Arnolds Projective Plane and -Matrices英文文献资料.docVIP

HindawiPublishingCorporation AdvancesinMathematicalPhysics Volume2010,ArticleID956128,9pages doi:10.1155/2010/956128 ResearchArticle Arnold’sProjectivePlaneandr-Matrices K.Uchino TokyoUniversity ofScience,Wakamiya,26Shinjyuku, Tokyo,Japan Correspondence shouldbeaddressedtoK.Uchino,k uchino@oct.rikadai.jp Received19December 2009;Accepted 27February2010 Academic Editor:A.Yoshioka Copyright q2010K.Uchino. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,distribution, andreproduction in anymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. WewillexplainArnold’s2-dimensional shortly,2DprojectivegeometryArnold,2005bymeans oflatticetheory.Itwillbeshownthattheprojectionofthesetofnontrivial triangular r-matricesis thepenciloftangentlinesofaquadratic curveonArnold’sprojectiveplane. 1.Introduction Webrie?ydescribeArnold’sprojectivegeometry1.Werecalltheordinaryprojectiveplane PR3 over the real ?eld. We replace R3 to the set of the quadratic functions Q : ap2 2bpq cq2onthecanonicalsymplecticplaneR2 :p,q.Thequadraticfunctionsformintoa Lie subalgebra of the canonical Poisson algebra on the symplectic plane. This Lie algebra is isomorphic to sl2,R; that is, Arnold introduced a projective plane Psl2,R. By the projection, a nontrivial quadratic function Q corresponds to a point Q on the projective plane, and the Killing form on sl2,R corresponds to a quadratic curve on the projective plane,becauseitisasymmetricbilinearform.SincetheKillingformisnondegenerate,the associatedcurvede?nesadualityso-calledpolarsystembetweentheprojectivelinesand theprojectivepoints.ArnoldshowedthatthePoissonbracket{Q1,Q2}correspondstothe polepointoftheprojectivelinethroughQ andQ .Asanapplication,itwasshownthatgiven 1 2 agoodtrianglecomposedofthreepointsQ ,Q ,Q ,thethreealtitudesintersectthesame 1 2 3 pointaltitudetheorem.Interestingly,thealtitudetheoremisshownbytheJacobiidentity s