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Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury英文文献资料.doc

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Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofToxicology Volume2011,ArticleID328120,10pages doi:10.1155/2011/328120 ReviewArticle BiomarkersofAcuteKidneyInjury JeffreyC.Sirota, JelenaKlawitter, andCharlesL.Edelstein 1 2 1 1 DivisionofRenalDiseasesHypertension,UniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,MailStopC-281, 12700East19thAvenue,Aurora,CO80045,USA 2 DepartmentofAnesthesiology,UniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,MailStopC-281,12700East19thAvenue, Aurora,CO80045,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJe?reyC.Sirota,je?rey.sirota@ Received27May2011;Accepted2September2011 AcademicEditor:P.J.O’Brien Copyright?2011Je?reyC.Sirotaetal. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Acutekidneyinjury(AKI)isacommonprobleminboththeinpatientandoutpatientsettingandoftenresultsfromdrugtoxicities. TraditionalmethodsofidentifyingAKI,throughmeasurementofbloodureanitrogenandserumcreatinine,areproblematicin thattheyareslowtodetectdecreasesinglomerular?ltrationrate(GFR)andarein?uencedbyavarietyoffactorsthatarenot relatedtoGFRchanges.Theproblemsinherentinacreatinine-baseddiagnosisofAKIhaveimpededthedevelopmentofproper therapeuticsinAKIandposedproblemsinevaluatingnephrotoxicityofdrugsandotherchemicalexposures.Inrecentyears,a numberofnewbiomarkersofAKIwithmorefavorabletestcharacteristicsthancreatininehavebeenidenti?edandstudiedin avarietyofexperimentalandclinicalsettings.Thisreviewwillconsiderthemostwell-establishedbiomarkersandappraisethe literature,withparticularattentiongiventotheuseofbiomarkersinidentifyingtoxin-mediatedAKI. 1.Introduction made serum creatinine level a useful surrogate for kidney function,andthereciprocalrelationshipbetweenserumcre- atinine and GFR has been well described [4]. A variety of equations (e.g., Cockcroft-Gault, MDRD, and CKD-EPI) havebeendevelopedtoestimateGFRf