Campus Mobility for the Future The Electric Bicycle英文文献资料.docVIP

Journal of Transportation Technologies, 2012, 2, 1-12 /10.4236/jtts.2012.21001 Published Online January 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jtts) Campus Mobility for the Future: The Electric Bicycle Ian Vince McLoughlin, I. Komang Narendra, Leong Hai Koh, Quang Huy Nguyen, Bharath Seshadri, Wei Zeng, Chang Yao School of Computer Engineering Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Email: mcloughlin@.sg Received September 19, 2011; revised October 16, 2011; accepted November 6, 2011 ABSTRACT Sustainable and practical personal mobility solutions for campus environments have traditionally revolved around the use of bicycles, or provision of pedestrian facilities. However many campus environments also experience traffic con- gestion, parking difficulties and pollution from fossil-fuelled vehicles. It appears that pedal power alone has not been sufficient to supplant the use of petrol and diesel vehicles to date, and therefore it is opportune to investigate both the reasons behind the continual use of environmentally unfriendly transport, and consider potential solutions. This paper presents the results from a year-long study into electric bicycle effectiveness for a large tropical campus, identifying barriers to bicycle use that can be overcome through the availability of public use electric bicycles. Keywords: Electric Bicycle; E-Bike; Campus Transport; Personal Mobility 1. Introduction environmentally friendly, and far more dense, when par- ked and driven, than the equivalent rows of cars. The campus environment, especially that of the more established universities, has entered the public consci- ousness as being a haven for bicycle use [1]: not neces- sarily for reasons of their environmental credentials, but because their low cost suits the student budget. However many university campuses are notorious for parking pro- blems [2], and it may also be asserted that the fossil-fuel