Can We Find Better Bronchodilators to Relieve Asthma Symptoms英文文献资料.docVIP

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Can We Find Better Bronchodilators to Relieve Asthma Symptoms英文文献资料.doc

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Can We Find Better Bronchodilators to Relieve Asthma Symptoms英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofAllergy Volume2012,ArticleID321949,5pages doi:10.1155/2012/321949 ReviewArticle CanWeFindBetterBronchodilatorsto RelieveAsthmaSymptoms? ElizabethA.Townsend,PeterD.Yim,GeorgeGallos,andCharlesW.Emala DepartmentofAnesthesiology,CollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,ColumbiaUniversity,650W168thStreet,NewYork, NY10032,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoCharlesW.Emala,cwe5@ Received26July2012;Accepted5September2012 AcademicEditor:YassineAmrani Copyright?2012ElizabethA.Townsendetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Bronchodilatorsarethe?rstlinetherapyduringacuteasthmaticexacerbationstoreverseairwayobstructionprimarilybyrelaxing airwaysmoothmuscle.Onlythreecategoriesofbronchodilatorsexistinclinicalpractice:β-adrenergicagonists,anticholinergics, and methylxanthines. Each of these categories have speci?c drugs dating back to the early 20th century, raising the question of whether or not we can ?nd better bronchodilators. While ca?eine, theophylline, atropine, and epinephrine were the ?rst generations of therapeutics in each of these drug classes, there is no question that improvements have been made in the bronchodilatorsineachoftheseclasses.Inthefollowingeditorial,wewillbrie?ydescribenewclassesofpotentialbronchodilators including:novelPDEinhibitors,naturalphytotherapeutics,bittertastereceptorligands,andchloridechannelmodulators,which havethepotentialtobeusedaloneorincombinationwithexistingbronchodilatorstoreverseacuteairwayobstructioninthe future. 1.NovelPDEInhibitors administration of selective PDE4 inhibitors prevented bronchialhyperresponsiveness(BHR)inallergicmice,anin vivomodelforasthma[9,10].AlthoughnoPDE4-selective inhibitoriscurrentlyapprovedforthetreatmentofasthmain theUnitedStates,similarstudiesshowedthatadministration of PDE4 inhibitors attenuated BHR in patients with allergic a