Emergent Synchronous Bursting of Oxytocin Neuronal Network 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Emergent Synchronous Bursting of Oxytocin Neuronal Network 英文参考文献.doc

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Emergent Synchronous Bursting of Oxytocin Neuronal Network 英文参考文献

EmergentSynchronousBurstingofOxytocinNeuronal Network EnricoRossoni1,JianfengFeng1,2*,BrunelloTirozzi3,DavidBrown4,GarethLeng5,Franc?oise Moos6 1DepartmentofComputerScience,UniversityofWarwick,Coventry,UnitedKingdom,2CentreforComputationalSystemBiology,FudanUniversity,China,3Department of Physics, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy, 4The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom,6BiologiedesNeuronesEndocrines,Montpellier,France Abstract When young suckle, they are rewarded intermittently with a let-down of milk that results from reflex secretion of the hormoneoxytocin;withoutoxytocin,newlybornyoungwilldieunlesstheyarefostered.Oxytocinismadebymagnocellular hypothalamicneurons,andissecretedfromtheirnerveendingsinthepituitaryinresponsetoactionpotentials(spikes)that aregeneratedinthecellbodiesandwhicharepropagateddowntheiraxonstothenerveendings.Normally,oxytocincells dischargeasynchronouslyat1–3spikes/s,butduringsuckling,every5minorso,eachdischargesabrief,intenseburstof spikesthatreleaseapulseofoxytocinintothecirculation.Thisreflexwasthefirst,andisperhapsthebest,exampleofa physiologicalroleforpeptide-mediatedcommunicationwithinthebrain:itiscoordinatedbythereleaseofoxytocinfrom thedendritesofoxytocincells;itcanbefacilitatedbyinjectionoftinyamountsofoxytocinintothehypothalamus,andit canbeblockedbyinjectionoftinyamountsofoxytocinantagonist.Hereweshowhowsynchronizedburstingcanariseina neuronalnetworkmodelthatincorporatesbasicobservationsofthephysiologyofoxytocincells.Inourmodel,burstingis an emergent behaviour of a complex system, involving both positive and negative feedbacks, between many sparsely connected cells. The oxytocin cells are regulated by independent afferent inputs, but they interact by local release of oxytocinandendocannabinoids.Oxytocinreleasedfromthedendritesofthesecellshasapositive-feedbackeffect,while endocannabinoidshaveaninhibitoryeffectbysuppressi