Enhancement of Transport Selectivity through Nano-Channels by Non-Specific Competition 英文参考文献.docVIP

EnhancementofTransportSelectivitythrough Nano-ChannelsbyNon-SpecificCompetition AntonZilman1*,StefanoDiTalia2,TijanaJovanovic-Talisman3,BrianT.Chait3,MichaelP.Rout4, MarceloO.Magnasco5* 1Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United StatesofAmerica,2LaboratoryofYeastMolecularGenetics,TheRockefellerUniversity,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3LaboratoryofMassSpectrometry andGaseousIonChemistry,TheRockefellerUniversity,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 4LaboratoryofCellularandStructuralBiology,TheRockefeller University,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,5LaboratoryofMathematicalPhysics,TheRockefellerUniversity,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Thefunctioningoflivingcellsrequiresefficientandselectivetransportofmaterialsintoandoutofthecell,andbetween differentcellularcompartments.Muchofthistransportoccursthroughnano-scalechannelsthatdonotrequirelargescale molecular re-arrangements (such as transition from a ‘closed’ to an ‘open’ state) and do not require a direct input of metabolic energy during transport. Nevertheless, these ‘always open’ channels are highly selective and pass only their cognatemolecules,whileefficientlyexcludingallothers;indeed,thesechannelscanefficientlytransportspecificmolecules eveninthepresenceofavastexcessofnon-specificmolecules.Suchbiologicaltransportershaveinspiredthecreationof artificialnano-channels.Thesechannelscanbeusedasnano-molecularsorters,andcanalsoserveastestbedsforexamining modesofbiologicaltransport.Inthispaper,weproposeasimplekineticmechanismthatexplainshowtheselectivityof such ‘always open’ channels can be based on the exclusion of non-specific molecules by specific ones, due to the competitionforlimitedspaceinsidethechannel.Thepredictionsofthetheoryaccountforthebehaviorofthenuclearpore complex and of artificial nanopores that mimic its function. This theory provides the basis for futu