Numbers in the Blinds “Eye” 英文参考文献.docVIP

NumbersintheBlind’s‘‘Eye’’ ElenaSalillas1*,AlessiaGrana′2,RadouaneEl-Yagoubi3,CarloSemenza4,5 1DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofTexasatSanAntonio,SanAntonio,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofTrieste,Trieste,Italy, 3DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofProvence,Provence,France,4DepartmentofNeuroscience,UniversityofPadova,Padova,Italy,5IRCCSOspedaleS.Camillo, LidodiVenezia,Italy Abstract Background:Althoughlackingvisualexperiencewithnumerosities,recentevidenceshowsthattheblindperformsimilarly tosightedpersonsonnumericalcomparison orparityjudgementtasks.Inparticular,ontasks presentedintheauditory modality, the blind surprisingly show the same effect that appears in sighted persons, demonstrating that numbers are representedthroughaspatialcode,i.e.theSpatial-NumericalAssociationofResponseCodes(SNARC)effect.But,ifthisis thecase,howisthisnumericalspatialrepresentationprocessedinthebrainoftheblind? Principal Findings: Here we report that, although blind and sighted people have similarly organized numerical representations,theattentionalshiftsgeneratedbynumbershavedifferentelectrophysiologicalcorrelates(sensorialN100 inthesightedandcognitiveP300intheblind). Conclusions:Theseresultshighlightpossibledifferencesintheuseofspatialrepresentationsacquiredthroughmodalities otherthanvisionintheblindpopulation. Citation:SalillasE,Grana′ A,El-YagoubiR,SemenzaC(2009)NumbersintheBlind’s‘‘Eye’’.PLoSONE4(7):e6357.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006357 Editor:MarkA.Williams,MacquarieUniversity,Australia ReceivedJuly17,2008;AcceptedMay28,2009;PublishedJuly23,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Salillas et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:ThepresentresearchhasbeensupportedbytheEuropeanUnionMarieCurieActionContract‘‘NUMBRA’’toCarloSemenza.Thefundershadnorolein studydesign,dataco