Prevalence, Features and Risk Factors for Malaria Co-Infections amongst Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients from Amudat Hospital, Uganda 英文参考文献.docVIP

Prevalence,FeaturesandRiskFactorsforMalariaCo- InfectionsamongstVisceralLeishmaniasisPatientsfrom AmudatHospital,Uganda ErikavandenBogaart1*.,MariekeM.Z.Berkhout1.,EmilyR.Adams1,Pe`traF.Mens1, ElizabethSentongo2,DawsonB.Mbulamberi3,MasjaStraetemans1,HenkD.F.H.Schallig1, FrancoisChappuis4,5 1DepartmentofBiomedicalResearch,RoyalTropicalInstitute(KIT),Amsterdam,TheNetherlands,2DepartmentofMedicalMicrobiology,MakerereUniversityCollegeof HealthSciences,Kampala,Uganda,3MinistryofHealth,Kampala,Uganda,4Me′decinsSansFrontie`res,Geneva,Switzerland,5GenevaUniversityHospitalsandUniversity ofGeneva,Geneva,Switzerland Abstract Background and methodology: Due to geographic overlap of malaria and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), co-infections may exist but have been poorly investigated. To describe prevalence, features and risk factors for VL-malaria co-infections, a case-control analysis was conducted on data collected at Amudat Hospital, Uganda (2000–2006) by Me′decins sans Frontie`res. Cases were identified as patients with laboratory-confirmed VL and malaria at hospital admission or during hospitalization; controls were VL patients with negative malaria smears. A logistic regression analysis was performed to studytheassociationbetweenpatients’characteristicsandtheoccurrenceoftheco-infection. Results: Of 2414 patients with confirmed VL, 450 (19%) were positively diagnosed with concomitant malaria. Most co- infected patients were males, residing in Kenya (69%). While young age was identified by multivariate analysis as a risk factorforconcurrentVLandmalaria,particularlytheagegroups0–4(oddsratio(OR):2.44;95%confidenceinterval(CI): 1.52–3.92)and5–9years(OR:2.23,95%CI:1.45-3-45),mild(OR:0.53;95%CI:0.32–0.88)andmoderate(OR:0.45;95%CI: 0.27–0.77)anemianegativelycorrelatedwiththeco-morbidity.VLpatientsharboringskininfectionswerenearlythreetimes less likely tohave the co-infection (OR: 0.35;95% CI:0.17–0.72), as highlightedby the multivariate model. Anorexia was slightlymorefrequentamong