Selective Attention Increases Choice Certainty in Human Decision Making 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Selective Attention Increases Choice Certainty in Human Decision Making 英文参考文献.doc

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Selective Attention Increases Choice Certainty in Human Decision Making 英文参考文献

SelectiveAttentionIncreasesChoiceCertaintyinHuman DecisionMaking LeopoldZizlsperger1,ThomasSauvigny1,2,ThomasHaarmeier1* 1DepartmentofNeurology,RWTHAachenUniversity,Aachen,Germany,2DepartmentofGeneralNeurology,UniversityofTu¨bingen,Tu¨bingen,Germany Abstract Choicecertaintyisaprobabilisticestimateofpastperformanceandexpectedoutcome.Inperceptualdecisionsthedegree ofconfidencecorrelatescloselywithchoiceaccuracyandreactiontimes,suggestinganintimaterelationshiptoobjective performance.Hereweshowthatspatialandfeature-basedattentionincreasehumansubjects’certaintymorethanaccuracy in visual motion discrimination tasks. Our findings demonstrate for the first time a dissociation of choice accuracy and certaintywithasignificantlystrongerinfluenceofvoluntarytop-downattentiononsubjectiveperformancemeasuresthan on objective performance. These results reveal a so far unknown mechanism of the selection process implemented by attentionandsuggestauniquebiologicalvalenceofchoicecertaintybeyondafaithfulreflectionofthedecisionprocess. Citation: Zizlsperger L, Sauvigny T, Haarmeier T (2012) Selective Attention Increases Choice Certainty in Human Decision Making. PLoS ONE 7(7): e41136. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041136 Editor:MarkusLappe,UniversityofMuenster,Germany ReceivedMarch29,2012;AcceptedJune18,2012;PublishedJuly16,2012 Copyright: ?2012 Zizlsperger etal.Thisisanopen-access article distributedunder thetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:Nosourcesoffundinghavesupportedthework. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:thaarmeier@ukaachen.de Introduction andratherproposesanimplementationbydifferentmechanisms, differingneuronalsubstratesorinalargerneuronalnetwork. Lifeboilsdowntoaseriesofchoicesyoumakeordonot,many ofthemdependonpendingoutcomesofpreviouschoices.Choice certainty – a probabilistic estimate of past