Serological Assays Based on Recombinant Viral Proteins for the Diagnosis of Arenavirus Hemorrhagic Fevers 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2012, 4, 2097-2114; doi:10.3390/v4102097 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Serological Assays Based on Recombinant Viral Proteins for the Diagnosis of Arenavirus Hemorrhagic Fevers Shuetsu Fukushi *, Hideki Tani, Tomoki Yoshikawa, Masayuki Saijo and Shigeru Morikawa Department of Virology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan; E-Mails: htani@nih.go.jp (H.T.); ytomoki@nih.go.jp (T.Y.); msaijo@nih.go.jp (M.S.); morikawa@nih.go.jp (S.M.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: fukushi@nih.go.jp; Tel.: +81-42-561-0771; Fax: +81-42-561-2039. Received: 1 August 2012; in revised form: 19 September 2012 / Accepted: 25 September 2012 / Published: 12 October 2012 Abstract: The family Arenaviridae, genus Arenavirus, consists of two phylogenetically independent groups: Old World (OW) and New World (NW) complexes. The Lassa and Lujo viruses in the OW complex and the Guanarito, Junin, Machupo, Sabia, and Chapare viruses in the NW complex cause viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) in humans, leading to serious public health concerns. These viruses are also considered potential bioterrorism agents. Therefore, it is of great importance to detect these pathogens rapidly and specifically in order to minimize the risk and scale of arenavirus outbreaks. However, these arenaviruses are classified as BSL-4 pathogens, thus making it difficult to develop diagnostic techniques for these virus infections in institutes without BSL-4 facilities. To overcome these difficulties, antibody detection systems in the form of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect immunofluorescence assay were developed using recombinant nucleoproteins (rNPs) derived from these viruses. Furthermore, several antigen-detection assays were developed. For example, novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) t