Sources of variation for indoor nitrogen dioxide in rural residences of Ethiopia 英文参考文献.docVIP

Environmental Health BioMedCentral Research Open Access Sources of variation for indoor nitrogen dioxide in rural residences of Ethiopia Abera Kumie*1, Anders Emmelin2, Sonny Wahlberg2, Yemane Berhane3, Ahmed Ali1, Eyassu Mekonen4, Alemayehu Worku1 and Doris Brandstrom2 Address: 1School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2Ume? International School of Public Health, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden, 3Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and 4Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Email: Abera Kumie* - aberakumie2@Y; Anders Emmelin - anders.emmelin@epiph.umu.se; Sonny Wahlberg - s.b.wahlberg@; Yemane Berhane - yemaneberhane@ethionet.et; Ahmed Ali - ahmedhb1950@; Eyassu Mekonen - eyasu_mekonen@; Alemayehu Worku - alemayehuwy@; Doris Brandstrom - doris@coompanion.se * Corresponding author Published: 18 November 2009 Received: 27 November 2008 Accepted: 18 November 2009 Environmental Health 2009, 8:51 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-8-51 This article is available from: /content/8/1/51 ? 2009 Kumie et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Unprocessed biomass fuel is the primary source of indoor air pollution (IAP) in developing countries. The use of biomass fuel has been linked with acute respiratory infections. This study assesses sources of variations associated with the level of indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Materials and methods: This study examines household factors affecting the level of indoor pollution by measuring NO2. Repeated measurements of NO2 were made using a passive diffusive sampler. A Saltzman colorimetric method using a