第2章 进修实际-认贴心思学的进修实际(国外英文资料).docVIP

第2章 学习理论-认知心理学的学习理论(国外英文资料) Childrens Educational Psychology - cognitive learning theory Third section, cognitive learning theory Behaviorist psychologists view learning as a stimulus response link. In this process, the individual learns the explicit response that can be observed and measured, and the reaction becomes habit, which is due to the strengthening of after effects. Learn individual reactions, and act as a whole when they are statically combined. So learning is the external control or plastic, is passive, is also gradually Many a little make a mickle.. Cognitive psychologists regard learning as the process by which individuals recognize, identify, organize and acquire new knowledge. In this process, what individuals learn is the way of thinking, that is, cognitive psychologists call the cognitive structure. Individuals in the study situation, use its existing cognitive structure to recognize, identify, and understand the relationship between each stimulus, increase their experience, so as to change (expand or enhance) their own cognitive structure. Therefore, learning is endogenous, active and holistic. Before the 1960s, when behaviorism prevailed, the idea of cognitive learning theory was neglected. In todays opinion, the two tier theory is valuable. Cognitive psychology helps us to understand how to expand the cognitive structure of students in education so as to promote their initiative knowledge seeking ability. Behavioral learning theory helps us to understand how to analyze teaching situations in teaching, how to design teaching progress with different units of teaching materials, and gradually achieve the teaching objectives. Is not the so-called cognitive learning theory of one or many factions including the statements of a school, the theory. The cognitive learning theories discussed in this section include the learning theory of information processing, the theory of meaningful learning and the theory of discovery learning. I. information proces