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Labour markets劳务市场Glad to be grey长白头发是好事情？Older workers have fared unusually well since the financial crisis自从2008年金融危机以来，年纪大的工人得到的待遇异乎寻常的优厚Jul 20th 2013 |From the print edition1?THE recession of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the subsequent recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual?Employment Outlook.对于世界上的富国而言，2008年至2009年的经济衰退影响巨大。同时引起人们注意的是，危机过后这些国家的复苏之路疲态尽显。而OECD（经济合作与发展组织，这一智库主要是为发达国家的）年度《就业展望》（Employment Outlook）中的最新研究表明，劳动力市场也出现了反常的变化。2?Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to sack. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also booted out. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.一旦经济衰退来袭，身处困境的总会有年轻人的身影。雇主不再继续雇佣他们。因为年轻人解雇起来比较方便，所以老板经常会先炒掉他们。不过即使如此，上世纪70-90年代发生的历次衰退中，年长的职员一般也很难独善其身。然而这次情形有所不同。自从2008年金融危机以来，年长雇员相比其他年龄段的员工，受到的冲击则较为有限。3??The researchers focus on movements in “non-employment” as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points among 25- to 54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55-64 age group (see chart).研究人员将总人口划分了三个年龄组，分别比较观察了07年四季度至12年四季度，每组“无业人口”与各自人口总数的比例变化。研究“无业人口”的方法优势在于其研究对象不仅包括失业人员，还包括没有择业行为的人。区别就在于前者正在找工作，后者没有在找工作。OECD数据显示，虽然青年平均无业人口比例上涨4个百分点，25-54岁人员上涨1.5个百分点，但是55-64年龄段却下降2个百分点（见图表）。4?Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not a