转喻的认知视角研究.doc

Metonymy: from the Perspective of Cognition 【Abstract】: In this paper, three different assumptions based on the cognitive view of metonymy are discussed in detail. Different kinds of ICMs are involved in the generation of metonymies,thus we believe that metonymy operates within the sameICM. We believe that metonymy is not restricted to language but is a cognitive process which operates within the same idealized cognitive model. 【Keywords】: metonymy; cognitive view; idealized cognitive model(ICM); classification. Introduction Metonymy istraditionally regarded as a figureof speechthatinvolvesaprocessofsubstitutingonelinguistic expressionforanother.Itwasbasicallythoughtofasamatteroflanguage,especiallyliteraryorfigurativelanguage.Thisviewofmetonymy is reflectedin standard definitions, which tend to describe metonymy as “a figure of speech thatconsists in using the name ofone thingfor thatofsomethingelse with which it is associated”. The best-known cases of metonymy in this traditional sense are expressions that are used for the propose of indirect referring. For example, “the White House” can be used to refer the executive branch of the American government, a spokesman of the American government or the American president himself, But it is notsynonymouswithanyofthese. The old substitution view of metonymy continues to shine through the cognitiveanalysisofmetaphorwhen certainpattersofmetonymy,suchas CONTAINER FOR CONTENTS are evoked. This explicit or implicit adoption of the view that metonymy is just a substitution of one word for another had as a result that researchers mainly looked at one一to一one relations between. In recent years, with the advent of cognitive linguistics, it has been recognized that the traditional view of metonymy is too narrow and that metonymy, like metaphor, has to be recognized as a fundamental cognitive and linguistic phenomenon alongside metaphor. Metonymy is a conceptual tool that operates within “idealized cognitive models” or “domain matr