(眼科学)14.1Optometry and Ophthalmology.ppt

* Correction of ametropia keratorefractive surgery RK (radial keratotomy) PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis) All kinds of keratorefractive surgery encompasses a range of methods for changing the curvature of the anterior surface of the eyes Amblyopia 弱 视 Amblyopia The word comes from the Greek [ambly- (dull) + -opia (vision)]. Amblyopia is often referred to as lazy eye. Amblyopia Definition Amblyopia is impaired foveal vision in the absence of organic disease and is most likely the result of lack of contin-uous use of one or both foveas for visual fixation. Amblyopia Is a disorder of sight. Is a developmental problem in the brain,not any intrinsic, organic neurological problem in the eyeball ( although organic problems can lead to amblyopia which can continue to exist after the organic problem has resolved by medical intervention) Amblyopia Newborn infants are able to see, but can’t see clearly. During early childhood years, the visual system changes quickly and vision continues developing. Amblyopia If a child cannot use eyes normally, vision does not develop properly and may even decrease. After the first 9~11 years of life, the visual system is normally fully developed and usually cannot be changed. Amblyopia ? If caught early, the problem can often be corrected and the vision preserved.? After about age 11, it is difficult to train the brain to use the eye normally.? Amblyopia Etiology Strabismus (misaligned eyes) Unequal Focus / Refractive Error Cloudiness in the normally clear Eye tissues Etiology Amblyopia occurs most commonly with misaligned or crossed eyes. The crossed eye turns off to avoid double vision, and the child uses only the better eye. The misaligned eye then fails to develop good vision. Etiology Refractive errors are eye conditions that are correct