electrodeposition of nanometer-sized ferric oxide materials in colloidal templates for conversion of light to chemical energy在胶体模板电沉积纳米级氧化铁材料的光转换成化学能.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials Volume 2011, Article ID 737812, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2011/737812 Research Article Electrodeposition of Nanometer-Sized Ferric Oxide Materials in Colloidal Templates for Conversion of Light to Chemical Energy James M. Gardner, Su Kim, Peter C. Searson, and Gerald J. Meyer Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Gerald J. Meyer, meyer@ Received 2 June 2010; Accepted 23 July 2010 Academic Editor: William W. Yu Copyright © 2011 James M. Gardner et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Colloidal crystal templates were prepared by gravitational sedimentation of 0.5 micron polystyrene particles onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the particles were close packed and examination of successive layers indicated a predominantly face-centered-cubic (fcc) crystal structure where the direction normal to the substrate surface corresponds to the (111) direction. Oxidation of aqueous ferrous solutions resulted in the electrodeposition of ferric oxide into the templates. Removal of the colloidal templates yielded ordered macroporous electrodes (OMEs) that were the inverse structure of the colloidal templates. Current integration during electrodeposition and cross-sectional SEM images revealed that the OMEs were about 2 μm thick. Comparative X-ray diffraction and infrared studies of the OMEs did not match a known phase of ferri