community dynamics in the mouse gut microbiota a possible role for irf9-regulated genes in community homeostasis社区动态irf9-regulated基因的小鼠肠道微生物群的一个可能的角色在社区内稳态.pdfVIP

Community Dynamics in the Mouse Gut Microbiota: A Possible Role for IRF9-Regulated Genes in Community Homeostasis 1 1,2 1 1 Claire L. Thompson *, Markus J. Hofer , Iain L. Campbell , Andrew J. Holmes 1 School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2 Department of Neuropathology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany Abstract Background: Gut microbial communities of mammals are thought to show stable differences between individuals. This means that the properties imparted by the gut microbiota become a unique and constant characteristic of the host. Manipulation of the microbiota has been proposed as a useful tool in health care, but a greater understanding of mechanisms which lead to community stability is required. Here we have examined the impact of host immunoregulatory phenotype on community dynamics. Methods and Findings: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to analyse the faecal bacterial community of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice and C57BL/6 mice deficient for either type I interferon (IFN) signalling (IRF9 KO mice) or type I and type II IFN signalling (STAT1 KO mice). Temporal variation was found in all mouse strains. A measure of the ability for a community structure characteristic of the host to be maintained over time, the individuality index, varied between mouse strains and available data from pigs and human models. IRF9 KO mice had significantly higher temporal variation, and lower individuality, than other mouse strains. Examination of the intestinal mucosa of the IRF9 KO mice revealed an increased presence of T-cells and neutrophils in the absence of inflammation. Significance: The high temporal