how to avoid the middle-income trap（如何避免中等收入陷阱）.docVIP

How to avoid the middle-income trap Abstract: middle-income trap refers to a state of a country’s per capita income reaches a moderate level of economic stagnation. Across the the traps country one thing in common is to promote industrial upgrading through innovation, thereby moving in the ranks of high-income countries. How a country through continuous innovation to achieve industrial upgrading? consensus First, industrial upgrading requires a lot of innovative enterprises, the Government should provide an environment that encourages innovation, including political and economic stability, good infrastructure and human capital, the effective market competition mechanism, sound financial system, social inclusion, a sound legal system, protection of property rights, as well as a clean and efficient government. controversy mainly focused on how to implement the industrial policy. Keywords: middle-income trap, industrial upgrading, innovation, industrial policy October 27, 2012, the Asian Development Bank and the National Development and Research Institute, Peking University in 31 the CMRC China Economic Observer report will be released the report lt;lt; cooperation beyond the low-cost advantage growth: how to avoid the middle-income trap?gt; This paper describes the main points of the report, and to make policy recommendations on how to avoid the middle-income trap. The concept of a middle-income trap Middle-income trap has not a strict definition usually refers to a state of a country’s per capita income reaches a moderate level of economic stagnation. Generally linked with Latin America and some countries in Southeast Asia. Many typical example of the middle-income trap. Latin America countries such as Brazil, Mexico and other countries in Southeast Asia such as the Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand. sixties when these countries are middle-income countries, middle-income countries, Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan is successful across the mid