外科学纵膈肿瘤简答题（Surgery, mediastinal tumor, brief answer）.docVIP

外科学纵膈肿瘤简答题（Surgery, mediastinal tumor, brief answer） Clinical features and diagnosis of 1 common mediastinal tumors 2 describe the clinical features of primary mediastinal tumors The clinical anatomy of 3 mediastinum and the predilection sites of common primary mediastinal tumors 4 to discuss the treatment principle of primary mediastinal tumor 5. Describe the diagnostic requirements of the tumor ---------------------------------- 1 tumor types / predilection sites / symptoms and signs / X-ray findings / treatment Congenital tumor / anterior mediastinum / occasional chest tightness, chest pain / heart shadow, anterior margin, clear, round shadow with calcification or irregular bone shadow. All mediastinal teratoma should be treated surgically Neurogenic tumor / posterior mediastinum / nerve or spinal cord compression symptom / posterior mediastinum with uniform density, clear margin, round or dumbbell like shadow, sometimes accompanied by enlargement of intervertebral foramen. Surgery is the primary treatment Thymoma / anterior mediastinum / myasthenia gravis symptoms / anterior mediastinum with round or oval, uniform density and clear margins. Benign or malignant thymoma should be removed as soon as possible. Unresectable malignant thymoma underwent pathological biopsy to guide postoperative treatment, and partial resection of postoperative radiotherapy alleviated symptoms and prolonged survival time Cystic tumor / middle mediastinal or posterior mediastinal cyst with compressed symptoms / round smooth shadows. Pericardial cysts usually occur at the heart septum angle and are associated with the cardiac image. Bronchogenic cysts usually occur near the bronchial carina, and esophageal cysts are the best choice for posterior mediastinum or middle mediastinum / surgery Lymphatic tumors / mediastinum and mediastinal tumor / adjacent organ compression symptoms / mediastinal or hilar lined with lobulated edge unclear shadows. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been the b