vire2 a unique ssdna-compacting molecular machinevire2独特ssdna-compacting分子机器.pdfVIP

PLoS BIOLOGY VirE2: A Unique ssDNA-Compacting Molecular Machine 1,2[ 3,4[ 2,5[ 6 3 1,2* Wilfried Grange , Myriam Duckely , Sudhir Husale , Susan Jacob , Andreas Engel , Martin Hegner 1 Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, 2 National Centre of Competence in Research Nanoscale Science, ¨ Institute of Physics, Basel, Switzerland, 3 M. E. Muller Institute for Structural Biology, Basel, Switzerland, 4 Novartis AG, Basel, Switzerland, 5 Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 6 Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland The translocation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) across membranes of two cells is a fundamental biological process occurring in both bacterial conjugation and Agrobacterium pathogenesis. Whereas bacterial conjugation spreads antibiotic resistance, Agrobacterium facilitates efficient interkingdom transfer of ssDNA from its cytoplasm to the host plant cell nucleus. These processes rely on the Type IV secretion system (T4SS), an active multiprotein channel spanning the bacterial inner and outer membranes. T4SSs export specific proteins, among them relaxases, which covalently bind to the 5’ end of the translocated ssDNA and mediate ssDNA export. In Agrobacterium tumefaciens, another exported protein—VirE2—enhances ssDNA transfer efficiency 2000-fold. VirE2 binds cooperatively to the transferred ssDNA (T-DNA) and forms a compact helical structur