the pervasive effects of an antibiotic on the human gut microbiota, as revealed by deep 16s rrna sequencing一种抗生素的普遍效应在人类肠道微生物群,揭示了深16 s rrna测序.pdfVIP

PLoS BIOLOGY The Pervasive Effects of an Antibiotic on the Human Gut Microbiota, as Revealed by Deep 16S rRNA Sequencing 1,2 3 3 1,2,4* Les Dethlefsen , Sue Huse , Mitchell L. Sogin , David A. Relman 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 3 Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States of America The human intestinal microbiota is essential to the health of the host and plays a role in nutrition, development, metabolism, pathogen resistance, and regulation of immune responses. Antibiotics may disrupt these coevolved interactions, leading to acute or chronic disease in some individuals. Our understanding of antibiotic-associated disturbance of the microbiota has been limited by the poor sensitivity, inadequate resolution, and significant cost of current research methods. The use of pyrosequencing technology to generate large numbers of 16S rDNA sequence tags circumvents these limitations and has been shown to reveal previously unexplored aspects of the ‘‘rare biosphere.’’ We investigated the distal gut bacterial communities of three healthy humans before and after treatment with ciprofloxacin, obtaining more than 7,000 full-length rRNA sequences and over 900,000 pyrosequencing reads from two hypervariable regions of the rRNA gene. A companion paper in PLoS Genetics (see Huse et