面临NVH挑战的汽车设计、研究和教育问题 Challenges in Vehicle NVH Contemporary Design, Research and Education Issues.pdfVIP

面临NVH挑战的汽车设计、研究和教育问题 RajendraSingh 美国俄亥俄州立大学，俄亥俄，哥伦布43210，美国 摘要：在汽车 （装有传统内燃机）NVH的设计中，在动力学、振动学及声学设计等方面均面临许多挑战，如提高能 源效率、降低成本以及轻量化。此外，对于混合动力汽车和电动汽车，由于增加了新的部件或子系统，不同的动力系 统和传动系统，及改变后的运行模式，从而降低了传统内燃机的掩蔽噪声，使整车的振动噪声出现了一系列的新问题， 形成了更严峻的挑战。本文阐述了有关振动噪声的问题，着重于一些非线性激励源 （由接触单元、是否反弹以及是否 存在干摩擦所决定的）和结构传递路径 （粘弹性材料或振动控制器），并举例说明，包括制动器、传动链和变速器 （包 括齿轮、轴承和离合器）、发动机悬置和悬架等。最后，简要介绍了正在进行的研究，如发展自适应控制，智能控制 以及相关教育方面的工作。 汽车振动噪声;电动汽车;非线性;自适应NVH TB535 A 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1469.2011.04.006 ChallengesinVehicleNVH:ContemporaryDesign,Research andEducationIssues RajendraSingh TheOhioStateUniversity,Columbus, OH43210,USA Abstract:Dynamic,vibration,andacousticdesignproceduresfordesiredNVHperformanceinvehicles(with conventionalinternalcombustionengines)facemanychallenges.Forinstance,therearecompetingdemands forimprovedenergyefficiencyalongwithcostandweightreductionrequirements.Further,withtheadventof hybridandelectricvehicles,severalnewnoiseandvibrationproblemshaveemergedthatposedifferentchallenges. Reasonsincludeneworadditionalcomponentsorsubsystems,differentpowertrainanddrivelineconfigurations, alternateoperationalmodes,reducedmaskingnoisefromconventionalinternalcombustionengines,andthelike. Thispaperillustratesseveralvibrationandnoiseproblemswithemphasisonsomenonlinearsources(dictated bycontactdements,backlash,anddryfriction)andstructuralpaths(viscoelasticmaterialsorvibrationcontrol devicesthatexhibitspectrally-varyingandamplitude-sensitiveproperties).Examplesincludebrakes,drivelines andtransmissions(includinggears,bearings,andclutches),enginemounts,andsuspensionsuspensions.Finally, ongoingresearch,suchasthedevelopmentofadaptiveNVHsolutionsandsmartdevicesandeducationalefforts arebrieflydiscussed. vehicleNVH;electricvehicle,,nonlinear;adaptiveNVH