短期施用不同粪源堆肥对果园土壤肥力与重金属积累的影响.doc.DOCVIP

短期施用不同粪源堆肥对果园土壤肥力 与重金属积累的影响 倪中应姚玉才 桐庐县农业和林业技术推广中心浙江大学环境与资 源学院 为了解不同来源畜禽粪堆肥对土壤及农产品质量的影响，选择一般农户猪粪堆 肥（低重金属堆肥）和规模化养殖场猪粪堆肥（高重金属堆肥）在桃园中进行 为期3年的培肥田间小区试验，探讨了短期施用不同粪源有机肥对果园土壤肥 力及土壤-果实屮重金属积累的影响。试验设5个处理，分别为对照（常规化肥） 及化肥配施一般农户猪粪堆肥、2倍一般农户猪粪堆肥、规模化养殖场猪粪堆肥 和2倍规模化养殖场猪粪堆肥。结果表明：施用堆肥可轻微增加土壤p H，但与 对照未达到显著差异;施用堆肥可改善土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾水平, 与对照之间的差异随施用年限的增加而增加;在改善全氮、奋效磷和速效钾方面， 规模化养殖场猪粪堆肥比一般农户猪粪堆肥的效果更明显。试验3年后，施用2 种猪粪源堆肥对土壤中Pb、Co、Ni和Hg积累均无明显的影响，但对Cu、Zn、 Cd、As产生了不同程度的影响。其中，施用2倍一般农户猪粪堆肥和施用规模 化养殖场猪粪堆肥显著增加了 土壤中Cu和Zn的积累，施用2倍规模化养殖场猪 粪堆肥显著增加了土壤中Cd和As的积累。所有处理的果实（桃子）中重金属均 没有超标。但试验结果也表明，施用养殖场猪粪堆肥3年后，果实屮Cu、Zn含 量显著高于对照处理。研宂认为，短期施用猪粪堆肥对果园土壤和果实中重金属 污染风险较小。 关键词： 果园;猪粪;土壤质景;农产品安全; 通信地址:311500浙江省杭州市桐庐昱富春路 69号桐庐县农业和林业技术推广中心，. 通信地址:310058杭州市西湖区余杭塘路866号浙江人学紫金港校区环 境与资源学院，Tel:0571post with Different Manure Sources Ni Zhongying Yao Yucai Zhang Mingkui Agricultural and Forestry Technology Promotion Center of Tonglu County; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences， Zhejiang University; Abstract： To understand the effects of livestock and poultry manure-compost on the quality of soil andagricultural products, a three-year field experiment of using pig manure compost from both family farm withlow heavy metal and large-scale farm with high heavy metal to improve soil fertility was conducted. The effectsof short-term application of compost with different manure sources on soil fertility and heavy metal accumulation in orchard system were discussed. The experiment included five treatments: chemical fertilizers (control) , chemical fertilizer+ family farm manure compost, chemical fertilizer+ 2 times of family farm manurecompost, chemical fertilizer^ large-scale farm manure compost， and chemical fertilizer+ 2 times of large - seal efarm manure compost. The results showed that composts application could slightly increase p II value of the soil， but no significant difference was found among soils with different treatments. Application of compostscould improve soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphor