Chapter 5 Link Layer and LANs 高级计算机网络 （英文版）讲解材料.ppt

Chapter 5Link Layer and LANs;Chapter 5: The Data Link Layer;Link Layer;Link Layer: Introduction;Link layer: context;Where is the link layer implemented?;Adaptors Communicating;;Provide three reasonable services for the network layer 1)No confirmed connectionless service: The line with its error rate is very low,leaves error recovery to the high level; Real-time services, delay is more serious than the loss of information, such as voice transmission; Most LANs; ;2)Confirmed Connectionless Service: For unreliable channels, such as the wireless network 3) Confirmed Connected Service: The link layer ensure that each frame has been only once recieved and all frames according to the order received.;Framing Methods: Character count Use a domain in the header to indicate the number of characters in the entire frame Disadvantages: If the count is wrong ,the frame and ones behind it will be affected. ;Start character DLE STX, end character DLE ETX . Character-filled. Disadvantages: limited to 8-char and ASCII transmission. ; ;Link Layer; (1) Error Type:;(2) Methods of Error Control;Error Detection;Parity Checking;Internet checksum (review);Checksumming: Cyclic Redundancy Check; ;CRC Example;25;Link Layer;Multiple Access Links and Protocols;Multiple Access protocols;Ideal Multiple Access Protocol;MAC Protocols: a taxonomy;Channel Partitioning MAC protocols: TDMA;Channel Partitioning MAC protocols: FDMA;Random Access Protocols;Slotted ALOHA;Slotted ALOHA;Slotted Aloha efficiency;Pure (unslotted) ALOHA;Pure Aloha efficiency;CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access);CSMA collisions;CSMA/CD (Collision Detection);CSMA/CD collision detection;“Taking Turns” MAC protocols;“Taking Turns” MAC protocols;“Taking Turns” MAC protocols; Summary of MAC protocols;Link Layer;MAC Addresses and ARP;LAN Addresses and ARP;LAN Address (more);ARP: Address Resolution Protocol;ARP protocol: Same LAN (network);Addressing: routing to another LAN;A creates IP datagram with source A, destination B A