儿童体格发育家庭影响因素分析.docVIP

儿童体格发育家庭影响因素分析 【摘要】目的 了解不同家庭背景儿童生长发育水平，探讨家庭因素对儿童生长发育的影响。方法 随机整群抽样调查54 633名健康儿童，按照人体标准测量方法测量其身高体重。采用调查问卷了解儿童家庭情况并进行家庭多因素分析。结果 城区儿童体重、身高均值分别高于农村儿童0.68 kg 、0.87 cm，差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。处于不同家庭类型的同性别儿童体重和身高指标差异有统计学意义(P0.01);主干家庭的儿童平均体重与身高(12.45 kg、85.99 cm)分别低于核心家庭儿童(14.33 kg、93.11 cm)。外婆或奶奶与保姆为主抚养的男童平均体重与身高(13.15 kg、84.80 cm)及女童平均体重与身高(12.57 kg、88.17 cm)明显低于母亲抚养组的男童(14.44 kg、92.89 cm)与女童(13.80 kg、91.76 cm)(P0.01)。抚养人文化程度高，儿童体重、身高均值有增高趋势，差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。父母文化程度和不同职业对儿童体重影响差异无统计学意义(P0.05)，但父母是大学/大专文化程度的儿童平均身高(92.65 cm)高于其他组(90.61 cm)，干部、军人、文教卫生与科技职业父母其儿童平均身高(94.16 cm)高于其他组(90.84 cm)，差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 不同生活环境的儿童生长发育水平存在差异，家庭因素对儿童身长(高)的影响比体重更为明显。文化程度较低的儿童抚养人是儿童保健健康教育的重点人群。 【关键词】 儿童;体格发育;家庭因素Influence of family factors on children physical development QIAN Yingying,XU Cuiqing,L Lanqiu.Women and Children Hospital of Ningbo City(Ningbo 315012,China) Abstract： Objective To obtain information about childrens growth and development in different family background,so as to explore family factors influence on childrens growth and development.Methods By random cluster sampling,54633 preschool children were selected. Their height and weight were measured according to standard measurements and information on family background were collected.Multivariate analysis was adopted to analyze influence of family factors on childrens growth and development.Results Heightforage (HFA) and weightforage (WFA) of children living in urban area were significantly higher than those of living in countryside.HFA and WFA of children from different family types were distinctly different.For example,children HFA and WFA of stem family were obviously lower than those of nuclear family.And HFA and WFA of the children being fostered mainly by maternal grandmother,grandmother or babysitter were obviously lower than those fostered mainly by mother or others.HFA and WFA of the children were positively correlated with the education level of their foster(P0.01).The children with white collar parents had hig