高考英语大一轮增分计划之语法专项提升讲义：专题十一 Word版含答案.docxVIP

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。具体用法见下表：主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句作及物动词宾语作介词宾语that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略whether/if(是否)放于句首时常用whether用whether/if均可，但有区别常用hether常用whether常用whether连接代/副词注意语序要用陈述句语序what或wh–ever等注意语序要用陈述句语序主语从句大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。(what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever, whoever, whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。)?It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪开会无所谓。【注意】 (1)常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：①It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/important/certain...)＋that从句②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/good news/a fact/an honour...)＋that从句③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/heard/reported/decided/suggested...)＋that从句④It＋特殊动词(seem/appear/happen/matter)＋that从句(2)在“It is necessary/important/natural...＋that从句”的结构中，从句谓语常用“(should＋)动词原形”。宾语从句1．动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后有that引导的宾语从句作宾语补足语时，则常用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。?I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天摄入足量的白开水很有必要。2．有些动词(短语)不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it。常见的有hate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, appreciate, see to等。?He hates it when people play his cellphone.他讨厌别人玩他的手机。3．在某些动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”表达，常见的动词有：一个坚持(insist)；两个命令(order, command)；三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)；四项要求(demand, require, request, ask)。?The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.医生要求她在床上躺几天。表语从句1．主句的主语是idea, advice, suggestion等名词时，表语从句的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”表达。?His suggestion is that we (should) change our course.他的建议是改变下我们的课程。2．because引导的表语从句强调原因，而why引导的表语从句强调结果。主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why或because。?Im a bit sleepy, because I was up all night.我有点困，因为我一夜没睡。?Thats why I object to the plan.这就是我反对这个计划的原因。?The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver drank too much.这次重大事故的原因是司机喝了太多酒。同位语从句1．同位语从句常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等抽象名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。?The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.(if 不能代替whether引导同位语从句)我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。?I have no idea when he will come back.我